M. Allahyari; S. Ketabi
Abstract
Gender is an important cultural issue towards which there are different views in different cultures. Investigating the similarities and differences among cultures can shed light knowing that cultures. In this regard, educational systems play a vital role, either directly or indirectly, in familiarizing ...
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Gender is an important cultural issue towards which there are different views in different cultures. Investigating the similarities and differences among cultures can shed light knowing that cultures. In this regard, educational systems play a vital role, either directly or indirectly, in familiarizing students with different cultures, and textbooks are recognized as one of the most important tools for framing students’ intellectual framework. This way, the specific purpose of the present study is to examine the representation of gender in Persian, English, and French textbooks written in a seventy-year old period (i.e. from 1938 to 2015). In this regard, nine textbooks including: 3 Persian textbooks written in 1940 (1319), 1984 (1361), and 2012 (1391); 3 French textbooks written in 1937 (1316), 1988 (1367), and 2012 (1391); and 3 English textbooks written in 1940 (1319), 1984 (1361), and 2012 (1391) were gathered and investigated. The results of qualitative content analysis and frequency measures showed similarities and differences regarding the representation of gender in the textbooks that seem to have been less visible. Moreover, in English and French textbooks, there are some traces of bias towards females. The results of the present study could open new vistas towards intercultural relationships among Iran, England, and French.
Saeid reza Ameli; Hossein Hassani
Abstract
The main aim of this paper is to suggest a typology of virtual deviances and also a comparative analysis of international policies concerning cyber abnormalities; and finally suggesting an applicable model for future planning. In fact with the promotion of lTC. a new kind of space for ...
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The main aim of this paper is to suggest a typology of virtual deviances and also a comparative analysis of international policies concerning cyber abnormalities; and finally suggesting an applicable model for future planning. In fact with the promotion of lTC. a new kind of space for human life is created which is termed second space or second world. These technologies provided a mediated simultaneity.This space generates many deviances and abnormalities. in addition to many other advantages. Therefore, pathologically analyzing these abnormalities would be useful considering the distinctive logic and ontology of cyber space. This paper conceptualizes prominent cyber deviances. under dual spacialization paradigm.and categorizes the main policies adopted in some pioneer countries in this issue.The findings show that social and cultural policies and programs of these countries can be divided into two major kinds of affirmative and negative forms. Negative policies include elimination, control and surveillance; and affirmative policies comist of production and management of contents of cyberspace. digitalization of analogue data and providing access to infollnation and content through the internet.
