Sayyed Mohammad Hosseini; Abdollah Mobini
Abstract
According most of thinkers in the modern world, the dominant discourse in the 21st century is the superiority of "soft" power to the "hard" power. The soft power, by nature, is not consisted of warfare, economic capabilities, production, resources and wealth, but it is the ability to expand Western norms ...
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According most of thinkers in the modern world, the dominant discourse in the 21st century is the superiority of "soft" power to the "hard" power. The soft power, by nature, is not consisted of warfare, economic capabilities, production, resources and wealth, but it is the ability to expand Western norms into Islamic societies and raise them to the position of beliefs and values. Islamic evolution's soft power is fundamentally different than what is being promoted in the Western culture of liberal democracy. In such version of soft power, materialistic elements are incorporated into the new look to the mankind, human thought, society and spirituality. This has resulted in new functions such as reviving the identity of the Muslim world, promoting Islamic awakening, renovation of the modern Islamic civilization, changing the balance of power in the region, challenging the western hegemony, opening a third front in the international relations, inspiration, playing the role of front-runner in the global cultural revolution and regional convergence and cooperation. This has also created a new approach in deterrence power in the fonn of positive impacts of soft power and the cultural essence of the Islamic revolution on other elements of power in the international relations. All this has provided the Muslims and freedom-seekers of the world with new methods and tools which should be regarded as unique and unprecedented. The current paper uses a mixture of documented and operational methodologies. Various techniques such as Lisser, SPSS, non-parametric tatistical inference methods and Friedman binomial test, Pearson correlation and Spearman tests are also used to substantiate the arguments.
Mohammadtaghi Iman; Ali Rouhani
Abstract
The verse of holy Koran "verily the most honored of you in the sight of Allah is [he who is] the most virtuous of you" directly shows that in god's willing there is no superiority of a man or a group than others except those who have piety to god. In fact, the Islamic identity focuses on the superiority ...
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The verse of holy Koran "verily the most honored of you in the sight of Allah is [he who is] the most virtuous of you" directly shows that in god's willing there is no superiority of a man or a group than others except those who have piety to god. In fact, the Islamic identity focuses on the superiority of piety among humans and does not focus on superiority of a man or a group that causes Islamic identity theoretically be against other competitive identities such as ethnic, global and national identity. Therefore, this research aims to study the relationship between Islamic identity and competitive identities (ethnic, national and global). In this way based on Sheldon Stryker theory and survey method, 431 students have elected and have analyzed. The results have shown that there was positive significant relationship between Islamic identity, national and ethnic identity, and negative significant relationship between Islamic identity and global identity. In addition, multivariate regression results have shown that the variables national and global identities have explained 45 percent of the variation of Islamic identity variable. The results shows that national and ethnic identity amplify the Islamic identity and they have positive relationship with it and in fact they are not a competitive identity for Islamic identity but global identity has negative relationship with Islamic identity and therefore it is a competitive identity for Islamic identity.
