Iranian Institute for Social & Cultural Research Journal of Iranian Cultural Research 2008-1847 7 3 2014 12 21 Phenomenological Study of Youth Lifestyles in Tehran Phenomenological Study of Youth Lifestyles in Tehran 1 24 233 10.7508/ijcr.2014.27.001 FA Mehdi Fallah Ph.D Candidate for Cultural Policy-Making, Kharazmi University Bijan Zare Associate Professore, Department of Sociology Universityof Kharazmi Nima Bardiafar Ph.D Candidate for Sociology of Economy & Development at Isfahan University Journal Article 2014 04 30 This study has tried to investigate and reconstruct the meaning of life style in a phenomenological approach among young people in Tehran city. Most research done on this issue has been described by adopting deductive strategy and underlying prefabricated theories.While the phenomenological method focuses on how humans meant their experiences and transform them to collective and personal form of their consciousness. It also requires a methodologicalunderstandingthat how humans experience these phenomena. Researcher to collect such data is necessary to engage in-depth interviews with people who have directly experienced the phenomenon of interest that means they have Lived experience that is in contrast with second order experience and the operating variables that derived from metanarratives. Thus, we have distinguished four major lifestyles of young people’s lives in Tehran according to Husserl’s epoche manner and meet schutz’s typification criteria that contain; pleasure seeking - aesthetic lifestyle, functionalistic, subcultural and passive. This study has tried to investigate and reconstruct the meaning of life style in a phenomenological approach among young people in Tehran city. Most research done on this issue has been described by adopting deductive strategy and underlying prefabricated theories.While the phenomenological method focuses on how humans meant their experiences and transform them to collective and personal form of their consciousness. It also requires a methodologicalunderstandingthat how humans experience these phenomena. Researcher to collect such data is necessary to engage in-depth interviews with people who have directly experienced the phenomenon of interest that means they have Lived experience that is in contrast with second order experience and the operating variables that derived from metanarratives. Thus, we have distinguished four major lifestyles of young people’s lives in Tehran according to Husserl’s epoche manner and meet schutz’s typification criteria that contain; pleasure seeking - aesthetic lifestyle, functionalistic, subcultural and passive.

http://www.jicr.ir/article_233_e165421110ba03099a1c0393373c5b43.pdf

Iranian Institute for Social & Cultural Research Journal of Iranian Cultural Research 2008-1847 7 3 2014 12 21 Understanding the Managerial Logic Used by the Iranian Public Science Magazines for the Production of Content Understanding the Managerial Logic Used by the Iranian Public Science Magazines for the Production of Content 25 43 234 10.7508/ijcr.2014.27.002 FA Zahra Ojagh PhD Graduate, Department of Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran Hamid Abdollahyan Professor of Communication, Department of Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran Journal Article 2014 06 05 This paper will attempt to discover how public science magazines in Iran use a managerial logic in order to produce their projected content. Production of knowledge in this area will contribute to understanding why and how specific type of content is being produced in science magazines in Iran. In order to acquire such knowledge the paper will focus on how a language is being used as a tool of simplifying science. In addition, the paper will explore the type of logical relations which have been established between application of language capabilities in such magazines and the managerial logic that run such magazines. The importance of this research lies in the fact that these magazines have been around for about 100 years, while the management of transmitting their scientific messages has not yet been researched on. In order to do this research we have used a combined methodology that consists of content analysis, direct interviews and survey. The units of observations or subjects of study included individuals who are considered to make up such magazines’ audience, as well as randomly selected magazines. Due to the fact that when we started the research we figured out that a thorough list of Iranian science magazines did not exist, therefore, we first had to provide such list. Afterwards and according to such list as one of our units of analysis, we were able to determine how to do random sampling. Some findings indicate that science magazines in Iran have been using a simplified language accompanied by making science attractive to their audience while interacting with their audience as strategies of building up their audience. Other findings indicate that the managerial logic that leads the content has been focusing on the dichotomy of culture and information as major function of their content. Based on our interviews and survey results, we however discovered that focusing on business and education would probably be a more effective strategy to organize the content of science magazines in Iran. This paper will attempt to discover how public science magazines in Iran use a managerial logic in order to produce their projected content. Production of knowledge in this area will contribute to understanding why and how specific type of content is being produced in science magazines in Iran. In order to acquire such knowledge the paper will focus on how a language is being used as a tool of simplifying science. In addition, the paper will explore the type of logical relations which have been established between application of language capabilities in such magazines and the managerial logic that run such magazines. The importance of this research lies in the fact that these magazines have been around for about 100 years, while the management of transmitting their scientific messages has not yet been researched on. In order to do this research we have used a combined methodology that consists of content analysis, direct interviews and survey. The units of observations or subjects of study included individuals who are considered to make up such magazines’ audience, as well as randomly selected magazines. Due to the fact that when we started the research we figured out that a thorough list of Iranian science magazines did not exist, therefore, we first had to provide such list. Afterwards and according to such list as one of our units of analysis, we were able to determine how to do random sampling. Some findings indicate that science magazines in Iran have been using a simplified language accompanied by making science attractive to their audience while interacting with their audience as strategies of building up their audience. Other findings indicate that the managerial logic that leads the content has been focusing on the dichotomy of culture and information as major function of their content. Based on our interviews and survey results, we however discovered that focusing on business and education would probably be a more effective strategy to organize the content of science magazines in Iran.

http://www.jicr.ir/article_234_289dff07669d7a23de0ef88d2f7129e7.pdf

Iranian Institute for Social & Cultural Research Journal of Iranian Cultural Research 2008-1847 7 3 2014 12 21 Representation of Young People’s Everyday Life in Tehran City Movie Analysis of the Second Half of the 80s Representation of Young People’s Everyday Life in Tehran City Movie Analysis of the Second Half of the 80s 45 81 235 10.7508/ijcr.2014.27.003 FA Taher Roshandel Associate Professor, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran Sahar Dadjou Post graduate Student of Cultural Studies and Media, University of Tehran Fahime Negin Taji Post graduate Student of Media Management, University of Tehran Journal Article 2014 12 14 In this paper with the use of cultural studies approach and from the perspective of critical theory of everyday life scholars such as Henry Lvfvr, Michelle Dvsrtv, and John Fiske, and also by using Roland Barthe’s Semiotics approach, we discussed the Semiotic analysis and discovering the meaning of the image represented form different aspects of youth’s everyday life in context of Tehrann city in two levels of implicit and explicit implications at three movies” “Tehran, Tehran”, “Melissa” and “at the end of eighth Street. Films selection was based on purposive sampling and continuity in film making in order to reveal the directors view of different generation as well as the importance of the city as a driving element in the narrative. Image represented from Tehranian youths shows that their consideration of Citizenship status, is a vertical consideration that despite of their efforts in resisting the interests of the ruling power, eventually they see themselves in situations to be inevitably subordinate and passive receptive of environmental change. Special features of Tehran like will and power, put pressure on young people to make decision or reaction, and if they weren’t in this city, they would not act similar. The city that represented in this movies, is a place that characters have short and unstable relationship on it, and its insecurity atmosphere suppresses the aspirations of young people, in their demand to find their goals, tehran leads them outside its territory, Tehran is a place that put spaces among heroes, generations and its citizens ,which marginalize the new generation grew up in its context from the mainstream of the society at the expense of trying to choose and determining their own destiny In this paper with the use of cultural studies approach and from the perspective of critical theory of everyday life scholars such as Henry Lvfvr, Michelle Dvsrtv, and John Fiske, and also by using Roland Barthe’s Semiotics approach, we discussed the Semiotic analysis and discovering the meaning of the image represented form different aspects of youth’s everyday life in context of Tehrann city in two levels of implicit and explicit implications at three movies” “Tehran, Tehran”, “Melissa” and “at the end of eighth Street. Films selection was based on purposive sampling and continuity in film making in order to reveal the directors view of different generation as well as the importance of the city as a driving element in the narrative. Image represented from Tehranian youths shows that their consideration of Citizenship status, is a vertical consideration that despite of their efforts in resisting the interests of the ruling power, eventually they see themselves in situations to be inevitably subordinate and passive receptive of environmental change. Special features of Tehran like will and power, put pressure on young people to make decision or reaction, and if they weren’t in this city, they would not act similar. The city that represented in this movies, is a place that characters have short and unstable relationship on it, and its insecurity atmosphere suppresses the aspirations of young people, in their demand to find their goals, tehran leads them outside its territory, Tehran is a place that put spaces among heroes, generations and its citizens ,which marginalize the new generation grew up in its context from the mainstream of the society at the expense of trying to choose and determining their own destiny

http://www.jicr.ir/article_235_577ef1154f3240ad5b9b413aa7346a1e.pdf

Iranian Institute for Social & Cultural Research Journal of Iranian Cultural Research 2008-1847 7 3 2014 12 21 Mobile Phone and Communication Behaviors of University Students in Yazd Mobile Phone and Communication Behaviors of University Students in Yazd 83 106 236 10.7508/ijcr.2014.27.004 FA Sharare Mehdizade Assistant Professor of Social Sciences, Alzahra University Mojgan Khoshnam PhD Student of Cultural Sociology, Institute for Social and Cultural Studies, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology Journal Article 2014 04 04 The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between using mobile phone and social realationships of the students studying in Yazd universities. The statistical population included 42426 students all of them studying in Yazd’s universities. Kerjcie and Morgan (1970) table was used to determine the sample size and regarding the dispersion of statistical population stratified random sampling was used and 380 students were selected as the study sample. In this study the independent variable was degree of using mobile phone and the dependent variable, social relationships, was divided into three subscales of the relationship with family, friends, and the organization of the university. Using Campbell model (2005) the above mentioned subscales were extracted and examined. Based on Kim and Mitomu’s (2002 and 2006) model the use of mobile phone was also examined in relation to the depth and width of students’ social relationships. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between using mobile phone and the students’ relationships with theirfamily and friends and their relationships within the university. The results also showed that using mobile phone causes the increased depth of social relationships but no correlation with the width of social relationships was observed. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between using mobile phone and social realationships of the students studying in Yazd universities. The statistical population included 42426 students all of them studying in Yazd’s universities. Kerjcie and Morgan (1970) table was used to determine the sample size and regarding the dispersion of statistical population stratified random sampling was used and 380 students were selected as the study sample. In this study the independent variable was degree of using mobile phone and the dependent variable, social relationships, was divided into three subscales of the relationship with family, friends, and the organization of the university. Using Campbell model (2005) the above mentioned subscales were extracted and examined. Based on Kim and Mitomu’s (2002 and 2006) model the use of mobile phone was also examined in relation to the depth and width of students’ social relationships. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between using mobile phone and the students’ relationships with theirfamily and friends and their relationships within the university. The results also showed that using mobile phone causes the increased depth of social relationships but no correlation with the width of social relationships was observed.

http://www.jicr.ir/article_236_01161aaa0b6d1345dd8fe4e481144d84.pdf

Iranian Institute for Social & Cultural Research Journal of Iranian Cultural Research 2008-1847 7 3 2014 12 21 Reading and Decoding the Persian Language Satellite Channels’ Procedure The Case Study of Tehranian Youth Reading Persian Language Pastime and Political Satellite Channels Reading and Decoding the Persian Language Satellite Channels’ Procedure The Case Study of Tehranian Youth Reading Persian Language Pastime and Political Satellite Channels 107 125 237 10.7508/ijcr.2014.27.005 FA Mahdi Montazerghaem Assistant Prof., Department of Social Communications, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran Reza Kavand PhD Student of Cultural Policy-Making, Institute for Social and Cultural Studies, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology 0000-0002-4934-6454 Journal Article 2013 05 16 Thisstudyseeks toanswer to thisfundamental questionwhich howyoungaudiences of specific Persian languagesatellitechannels are engagedinreadingthe communicative messagesfromsuch channels and what kind of messages of such channels’ reading they do? To answer thisquestion,thestudy uses Stuart Hall’s perception analysisapproachand encoding-decoding model. Thisapproach relies on theprinciple thatbased on their social and culturalcontexts, the audienceswhen are faced with themass mediamessages, actively perceive and read media texts. According to this viewmedia texts have the polysemic capabilityand based ontheir cognitive, social, and identical contexts, individuals perceive specific meaningfromthese texts. Thestudyusesdiscourse analysis method and in-depthinterview technique,and it shows at the end which cultural and identical circumstance of studied audiences is sorely effective in the way of acceptance and receive of messages. Withregard to theparticular circumstancesofsatellite TV in Iranandalso the hybrid cultureandidentityof Iranian immigrantswho are mostlyproducers of Persian language satellite channel programs, the results are containing particular theoretical implications. Thisstudyseeks toanswer to thisfundamental questionwhich howyoungaudiences of specific Persian languagesatellitechannels are engagedinreadingthe communicative messagesfromsuch channels and what kind of messages of such channels’ reading they do? To answer thisquestion,thestudy uses Stuart Hall’s perception analysisapproachand encoding-decoding model. Thisapproach relies on theprinciple thatbased on their social and culturalcontexts, the audienceswhen are faced with themass mediamessages, actively perceive and read media texts. According to this viewmedia texts have the polysemic capabilityand based ontheir cognitive, social, and identical contexts, individuals perceive specific meaningfromthese texts. Thestudyusesdiscourse analysis method and in-depthinterview technique,and it shows at the end which cultural and identical circumstance of studied audiences is sorely effective in the way of acceptance and receive of messages. Withregard to theparticular circumstancesofsatellite TV in Iranandalso the hybrid cultureandidentityof Iranian immigrantswho are mostlyproducers of Persian language satellite channel programs, the results are containing particular theoretical implications.

http://www.jicr.ir/article_237_539fd53b59e3bb12d203f45a912eeaf2.pdf

Iranian Institute for Social & Cultural Research Journal of Iranian Cultural Research 2008-1847 7 3 2014 12 21 I.R.Iran Strategies for Crisis Management in Soft War I.R.Iran Strategies for Crisis Management in Soft War 127 148 238 10.7508/ijcr.2014.27.006 FA Shahrooz Shariati Assistant Professor of Political Science, Tarbiat Modares University 0000-0002-5254-4849 Mohammad Azimi Taraghdari PhD Student of Strategic Management, Supreme National Defense University Journal Article 2014 05 25 Although the nature of the cultural crises is totally different from that of disasters like fire, flood and earthquake, it seems that cultural crises must be considered among those which require a careful management as they cause uncompensable damages to the social assets of the nations in mid- and long-terms. Meanwhile, since the entity of culture has had an undeniable role in the victory of Islamic Revolution of Iran and its continuation, and acts as a pivotal and dominant entity in every social affiliation and reform, the enemies of the Islamic Republic of Iran continuously struggle to make crisis in the country by spreading the Western Culture and through changing the beliefs of the people and thus endanger the independence of the country as well as the outcomes of the revolution. This is while no comprehensive strategies have been provided to realize the management of the cultural crises or immunize the society against the invading cultures. This paper aims to provide optimized strategies for crisis management and immunizing the society against alien cultural invasions. As a case study, and using the field method, after studying various viewpoints and opinions, an environmental study by sending questionnaires, and taking interviews, the weaknesses and strengths, the cultural vulnerabilities, and the threats and opportunities were counted using the Delphi technique and crisis management strategies and immunizing the society against the invading cultures were provided. Although the nature of the cultural crises is totally different from that of disasters like fire, flood and earthquake, it seems that cultural crises must be considered among those which require a careful management as they cause uncompensable damages to the social assets of the nations in mid- and long-terms. Meanwhile, since the entity of culture has had an undeniable role in the victory of Islamic Revolution of Iran and its continuation, and acts as a pivotal and dominant entity in every social affiliation and reform, the enemies of the Islamic Republic of Iran continuously struggle to make crisis in the country by spreading the Western Culture and through changing the beliefs of the people and thus endanger the independence of the country as well as the outcomes of the revolution. This is while no comprehensive strategies have been provided to realize the management of the cultural crises or immunize the society against the invading cultures. This paper aims to provide optimized strategies for crisis management and immunizing the society against alien cultural invasions. As a case study, and using the field method, after studying various viewpoints and opinions, an environmental study by sending questionnaires, and taking interviews, the weaknesses and strengths, the cultural vulnerabilities, and the threats and opportunities were counted using the Delphi technique and crisis management strategies and immunizing the society against the invading cultures were provided.

http://www.jicr.ir/article_238_ac1dd209cbcc5e5d1c6e28598e8cbbe8.pdf

Iranian Institute for Social & Cultural Research Journal of Iranian Cultural Research 2008-1847 7 3 2014 12 21 The Effect of Modernization Componentsin the Kinship Support of Yazd Families The Effect of Modernization Componentsin the Kinship Support of Yazd Families 149 177 240 10.7508/ijcr.2014.27.007 FA Mahnaz Farahmand Undertaking Author, Assistant Professor of Sociology, Yazd University Yasin KhorramPoor . M. A. in sociology, Yazd University Zohre Parsaeeian M. A. in sociology, Yazd University Farzane Mandegari M. A. in sociology, Yazd University Journal Article 2014 04 16 During the last decades, the institution of family and kinship system effecting from entry modernization process, has experienced so many change and evolutions. so transition of our society from traditional to modernity has been caused to family institution and its functions are severely changed, for this respect, the article attempts for explores this issue whether components of modernization have had role in the kinship support of Yazd families or not? Finding of the article which have collected of survey method, questionnaire tool and sampling of multiple cluster among 384 Yazd families, show that response to this question is positive. In this manner, between background variables (means income, age and sex) and kinship support was a significant. Relationship certainly it must states that age variable communicates a significant and inverted relationship with kinship support, and education with kinship support didn’t show relationship. Among components of modernization, there wasan inverted and significant relationship between vertical individualism, mercantilism, collectivism with kinship support. Likewise, between pluralism and kinship support was a positive and significantrelationship. Among modernization components, the rationality variable and horizontal individualism didn’t have relationship with kinship support. As well as, results of regression showed that the study explains variance of kinship support more than 17% among Yazd families. During the last decades, the institution of family and kinship system effecting from entry modernization process, has experienced so many change and evolutions. so transition of our society from traditional to modernity has been caused to family institution and its functions are severely changed, for this respect, the article attempts for explores this issue whether components of modernization have had role in the kinship support of Yazd families or not? Finding of the article which have collected of survey method, questionnaire tool and sampling of multiple cluster among 384 Yazd families, show that response to this question is positive. In this manner, between background variables (means income, age and sex) and kinship support was a significant. Relationship certainly it must states that age variable communicates a significant and inverted relationship with kinship support, and education with kinship support didn’t show relationship. Among components of modernization, there wasan inverted and significant relationship between vertical individualism, mercantilism, collectivism with kinship support. Likewise, between pluralism and kinship support was a positive and significantrelationship. Among modernization components, the rationality variable and horizontal individualism didn’t have relationship with kinship support. As well as, results of regression showed that the study explains variance of kinship support more than 17% among Yazd families.

http://www.jicr.ir/article_240_335f5352088d7d9bf74191e006d8e24c.pdf