Iranian Institute for Social & Cultural Research Journal of Iranian Cultural Research 2008-1847 10 2 2017 06 22 The study of the experience of captivity in Iran-Iraq war: The investigation of “I am alive” and “Winter narrative” novels based on qualitative content analysis The study of the experience of captivity in Iran-Iraq war: The investigation of “I am alive” and “Winter narrative” novels based on qualitative content analysis 1 30 334 10.22631/jicr.2017.972.1805 FA M. Tabiee Assistant Professor of Sociology, Faculty of Economics, Management and Social Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz. Iran. M. Hashempour Sadeghian PhD Student of Sociology, Faculty of Economics, Management and Social Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. A. Hooshiar M.A Student of Sociology. Faculty of Economics, Management and Social Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz. Iran. Journal Article 2016 04 30 Global military aggression against the Iraqi regime of land, air and sea to the Islamic Republic of Iran on 31 September 1359, is an important event that its consequences is critical for the present and future generations. One of the consequences of most of wars, including the Iran-Iraq war, is captivity. This paper aims to evaluate this aspect of eight-year war between Iran and Iraq. This paper from the point of view of women’s experiences and men’s experiences of captivity. In this regard, using qualitative content analysis based on customary approach, two sets of memories of captivity named “I am alive” –Masoume Abad’s captivity memory- and named “wnter narrative”-Hosein Paimardi’s captivity memory- has examined and in this way, extracted concepts, sub-categorise and main categories. This paper’s conclusions show that captivity is defined as resistance and struggle to Iranian captives. But in particular, the experiences of these men and women is divided under 16 sub-categorises and these are defined under 6 main categorises that include: Conflict place, violence, complications, psychological experiences, mechanisms to deal with crisis and hostile policies. Global military aggression against the Iraqi regime of land, air and sea to the Islamic Republic of Iran on 31 September 1359, is an important event that its consequences is critical for the present and future generations. One of the consequences of most of wars, including the Iran-Iraq war, is captivity. This paper aims to evaluate this aspect of eight-year war between Iran and Iraq. This paper from the point of view of women’s experiences and men’s experiences of captivity. In this regard, using qualitative content analysis based on customary approach, two sets of memories of captivity named “I am alive” –Masoume Abad’s captivity memory- and named “wnter narrative”-Hosein Paimardi’s captivity memory- has examined and in this way, extracted concepts, sub-categorise and main categories. This paper’s conclusions show that captivity is defined as resistance and struggle to Iranian captives. But in particular, the experiences of these men and women is divided under 16 sub-categorises and these are defined under 6 main categorises that include: Conflict place, violence, complications, psychological experiences, mechanisms to deal with crisis and hostile policies.

http://www.jicr.ir/article_334_2f2b265625d76a6704b08093c652fd79.pdf

Iranian Institute for Social & Cultural Research Journal of Iranian Cultural Research 2008-1847 10 2 2017 06 22 Sociology of Hidden Curriculum Sociology of Hidden Curriculum 31 64 335 10.22631/jicr.2017.1456.2167 FA Alireza Moradi Ministry of research,science and Technology 0000-0003-0521-2101 Journal Article 2017 04 26 This paper reviews the concept of hidden curriculum in the sociological theories and wants to explain sociological aspects of formation of hidden curriculum. The main question concentrates on the theoretical approaches in which hidden curriculum is explained sociologically. For this purpose it was applied qualitative research methodology. The relevant data include various sociological concepts and theories of hidden curriculum collected by the documentary method. The study showed a set of rules, procedures, relationships and social structure of education have decisive role in the formation of hidden curriculum. A hidden curriculum reinforces by existed inequalities among learners (based on their social classes or statues). There is, in fact, a balance between the learner's "knowledge receptions" with their "inequality proportion". The hidden curriculum studies from different major sociological theories such as Functionalism, Marxism and critical theory, Symbolic internationalism and Feminism. According to the functionalist perspective a hidden curriculum has a social function because it transmits social values. Marxists and critical thinkers correlate between hidden curriculum and the totality of social structure. They depicts that curriculum prepares learners for the exploitation in the work markets. Symbolic internationalism rejects absolute hegemony of hidden curriculum on education and looks to the socialization as a result of interaction between learner and instructor. Feminism theory also considers hidden curriculum as a vehicle which legitimates gender stereotypes. This paper reviews the concept of hidden curriculum in the sociological theories and wants to explain sociological aspects of formation of hidden curriculum. The main question concentrates on the theoretical approaches in which hidden curriculum is explained sociologically. For this purpose it was applied qualitative research methodology. The relevant data include various sociological concepts and theories of hidden curriculum collected by the documentary method. The study showed a set of rules, procedures, relationships and social structure of education have decisive role in the formation of hidden curriculum. A hidden curriculum reinforces by existed inequalities among learners (based on their social classes or statues). There is, in fact, a balance between the learner's "knowledge receptions" with their "inequality proportion". The hidden curriculum studies from different major sociological theories such as Functionalism, Marxism and critical theory, Symbolic internationalism and Feminism. According to the functionalist perspective a hidden curriculum has a social function because it transmits social values. Marxists and critical thinkers correlate between hidden curriculum and the totality of social structure. They depicts that curriculum prepares learners for the exploitation in the work markets. Symbolic internationalism rejects absolute hegemony of hidden curriculum on education and looks to the socialization as a result of interaction between learner and instructor. Feminism theory also considers hidden curriculum as a vehicle which legitimates gender stereotypes.

http://www.jicr.ir/article_335_f9b902fc3289af4dd08de5d1de54f68f.pdf

Iranian Institute for Social & Cultural Research Journal of Iranian Cultural Research 2008-1847 10 2 2017 06 22 Study of university students' attitudes toward office space at universities Study of university students' attitudes toward office space at universities 65 88 333 10.22631/jicr.2017.1463.2174 FA S.M. Eteadifard Assistant Professor of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0002-0759-998X Journal Article 2017 05 01 Office space is the space where students first experience the university. In this paper, the attitude of students toward office space in the public sphere of university is discussed. This article is the result of the research conducted for the “Institute for Social and Cultural Studies” by the author. The main issues in this paper are: university students' attitudes towards quality office space at the universities and mental basis of common issues among students at the universities. Data were collected through individual and group interviews. More than eighty interviews with activists and students of University of Tehran, Shahid Beheshti University, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Sharif University of Technology and Kharazmi University were done. The main indicators of office space in this study include: students’ satisfaction of office space, students’ welfare affairs and students’ feedback about this space. Problems and obstacles relating to the office space and their solutions were also studied in this paper. Office space is the space where students first experience the university. In this paper, the attitude of students toward office space in the public sphere of university is discussed. This article is the result of the research conducted for the “Institute for Social and Cultural Studies” by the author. The main issues in this paper are: university students' attitudes towards quality office space at the universities and mental basis of common issues among students at the universities. Data were collected through individual and group interviews. More than eighty interviews with activists and students of University of Tehran, Shahid Beheshti University, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Sharif University of Technology and Kharazmi University were done. The main indicators of office space in this study include: students’ satisfaction of office space, students’ welfare affairs and students’ feedback about this space. Problems and obstacles relating to the office space and their solutions were also studied in this paper.

http://www.jicr.ir/article_333_310dcbbf4cce62f762a2aaa148d556bd.pdf

Iranian Institute for Social & Cultural Research Journal of Iranian Cultural Research 2008-1847 10 2 2017 06 22 The study of professional identity of the PH.D. Students with Grounded theory method (Case study: PH.D. Students of social sciences in Iran 2016 – 2017) The study of professional identity of the PH.D. Students with Grounded theory method (Case study: PH.D. Students of social sciences in Iran 2016 – 2017) 89 118 337 10.22631/jicr.2017.1433.2150 FA A. Vedadhir Associate Professor at Dept. of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran. Tehran, Iran. A. Sedighian Bidgoli Assistant Professor of Social Studies, Iranian Institute for Social and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran. Gh. Jafari PhD Candidate at Iranian Institute for Social and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2016 11 16 Accepted doctoral students in the social sciences in Iran have doubled since 86-87Ta94-95T. This increase, apart from road infrastructure in the humanities and social sciences research. Lack of job opportunities, particularly in the field of professional and social sciences in Iran, the importance of assessing the status of the actors involved in the field of social sciences has doubled. The study examines how a professional identity among doctoral students in the social sciences has been discussed. The research method used was based on grounded theory. The basic subject of study called the phenomenon of professional identity has been uneven.The study examines how a professional identity among doctoral students in the social sciences has been discussed. The research method used was based on grounded theory. The true measure of its regular professional knowledge, job definition in line with the social sciences and the mental representation and reproduction of knowledge is not consistent with the approach favored relationship. Accepted doctoral students in the social sciences in Iran have doubled since 86-87Ta94-95T. This increase, apart from road infrastructure in the humanities and social sciences research. Lack of job opportunities, particularly in the field of professional and social sciences in Iran, the importance of assessing the status of the actors involved in the field of social sciences has doubled. The study examines how a professional identity among doctoral students in the social sciences has been discussed. The research method used was based on grounded theory. The basic subject of study called the phenomenon of professional identity has been uneven.The study examines how a professional identity among doctoral students in the social sciences has been discussed. The research method used was based on grounded theory. The true measure of its regular professional knowledge, job definition in line with the social sciences and the mental representation and reproduction of knowledge is not consistent with the approach favored relationship.

http://www.jicr.ir/article_337_357a6fdf7642bf815a88822c447d9dc4.pdf

Iranian Institute for Social & Cultural Research Journal of Iranian Cultural Research 2008-1847 10 2 2017 06 22 A Sociological Look at the Growth of the Emerging Spirituality in Tabriz A Sociological Look at the Growth of the Emerging Spirituality in Tabriz 119 150 336 10.22631/jicr.2017.1513.2210 FA N. Jaberian Ph.D. Student in Sociology, Faculty of Social Science, Payam-e-Noor University. A. Rabiei Professor of Strategic Management, Faculty of Social Science, Payam-e-Noor University. H Mohaddesi Gilvaiei Professor of Sociology, Faculty of Social Science, Islamic Azad University Tehran Central Branch, Tehran, Iran. M.J. Zahedi Mazandarani Associate Professor of Sociology of Development, Faculty of Social Science, Payam-e-Noor University. Journal Article 2017 02 26 The conversion of a large number of people to the emerging spiritual sect (hereafter mentioned as “the M sect” in the current study) indicates a socio-cultural trend and the current study attempts to identify its causes and effective factors. Qualitative methodology in the form of Grounded Theory has been applied. Data were collected through distributing a semi-structured questionnaire in an in-depth interview from fourteen participants. Findings constitute a two-step paradigm model where the dimensions and major elements include: A) preliminary conditions: stresses of religious life in the modern age, lack of acceptability in the traditional religious culture, emotional detachment; B) causal conditions: spiritual needs, epistemic crisis, physical or mental illnesses; C1) The central phenomenon and context: the feeling of distress with regard to intensity, continuity, and diversity; D1) Strategy: reference to traditional religious texts, medical treatment, psychotherapy, counseling, exercise; E1) intervening conditions: lack of acceptability in the religious culture; F1) Result: inefficient or partially efficient of strategy and continuity of the feeling of distress; C2) the feeling of distress with desperation; D2) choosing the spiritual method proposed by M; E2) value system, religious socialization and lack of congruence with the religious culture, the congruence of the sect with the general culture, having fresh viewpoints and the acceptability of explanations provided by the sect, objective reports on the effectiveness of the practices in the sect, open membership, and the quality and quantity of the network of relations with members in the sect; F2) Conversion that has instrumental and ultimate interpretations. The conversion of a large number of people to the emerging spiritual sect (hereafter mentioned as “the M sect” in the current study) indicates a socio-cultural trend and the current study attempts to identify its causes and effective factors. Qualitative methodology in the form of Grounded Theory has been applied. Data were collected through distributing a semi-structured questionnaire in an in-depth interview from fourteen participants. Findings constitute a two-step paradigm model where the dimensions and major elements include: A) preliminary conditions: stresses of religious life in the modern age, lack of acceptability in the traditional religious culture, emotional detachment; B) causal conditions: spiritual needs, epistemic crisis, physical or mental illnesses; C1) The central phenomenon and context: the feeling of distress with regard to intensity, continuity, and diversity; D1) Strategy: reference to traditional religious texts, medical treatment, psychotherapy, counseling, exercise; E1) intervening conditions: lack of acceptability in the religious culture; F1) Result: inefficient or partially efficient of strategy and continuity of the feeling of distress; C2) the feeling of distress with desperation; D2) choosing the spiritual method proposed by M; E2) value system, religious socialization and lack of congruence with the religious culture, the congruence of the sect with the general culture, having fresh viewpoints and the acceptability of explanations provided by the sect, objective reports on the effectiveness of the practices in the sect, open membership, and the quality and quantity of the network of relations with members in the sect; F2) Conversion that has instrumental and ultimate interpretations.

http://www.jicr.ir/article_336_6855456e2fe46a9d49d3d3af4f57443d.pdf

Iranian Institute for Social & Cultural Research Journal of Iranian Cultural Research 2008-1847 10 2 2017 06 22 Cultural-social and human resource challenges facing development of information technology in Iran's higher education in viewpoint of graduate students Cultural-social and human resource challenges facing development of information technology in Iran's higher education in viewpoint of graduate students 151 181 338 10.22631/jicr.2017.1460.2172 FA M. Rahmanpoor PhD in Curriculum Studies, Payam-e Noor University, Kurdistan, Iran. M.J. Liaghatdar Professor in Educational Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. E. Afshar Assistant Professor in Library & Information Sciences, Department of Library science, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. Journal Article 2017 02 13 The aim of the this study was survey of cultural-social and human recourses challenges facing development of information technology in higher education in Iran. The population of this study was all graduate students studying in the Department of the State University in academic year 2010-2011. In first stage, Tehran, Allameh-Tabatabaee, San’ati-Sharif, Isfahan, Shiraz and Kurdistan Universities were selected as samples. Among these universities, 460 patients were randomly selected in proportion. Data were collected via a questionnaire. Reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient respectively 0/94, and its validity was confirmed by several professors. The data were calculated using SPSS statistical software and then analyzed. In Descriptive statistics level, indicators of frequency, percentage and standard deviation, and in inferential statistics level, T test, ANOVA and post hoc test was used. The results showed that in cultural-social dimension including the important challenges were the high ratio of computers to students, poor students searching spirit, and lack of English language teachers and students. In human resource dimension are also unfamiliar of the students with the how access to information in databases, shortage or lack of professional expertise in information technology, faculty and administrators do not understand the capabilities of information technology, were most important challenges Information technology in Iran's higher education. The aim of the this study was survey of cultural-social and human recourses challenges facing development of information technology in higher education in Iran. The population of this study was all graduate students studying in the Department of the State University in academic year 2010-2011. In first stage, Tehran, Allameh-Tabatabaee, San’ati-Sharif, Isfahan, Shiraz and Kurdistan Universities were selected as samples. Among these universities, 460 patients were randomly selected in proportion. Data were collected via a questionnaire. Reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient respectively 0/94, and its validity was confirmed by several professors. The data were calculated using SPSS statistical software and then analyzed. In Descriptive statistics level, indicators of frequency, percentage and standard deviation, and in inferential statistics level, T test, ANOVA and post hoc test was used. The results showed that in cultural-social dimension including the important challenges were the high ratio of computers to students, poor students searching spirit, and lack of English language teachers and students. In human resource dimension are also unfamiliar of the students with the how access to information in databases, shortage or lack of professional expertise in information technology, faculty and administrators do not understand the capabilities of information technology, were most important challenges Information technology in Iran's higher education.

http://www.jicr.ir/article_338_819f46e52c25763a55cc642422644317.pdf

Iranian Institute for Social & Cultural Research Journal of Iranian Cultural Research 2008-1847 10 2 2017 06 22 Tendency toward Substance Abuse among Students Tendency toward Substance Abuse among Students 183 210 339 10.22631/jicr.2017.1630.2288 FA Seyed Hadi Marjaei The Institute for Research and Planning in Higher Education Fatemeh Gholamrezakashi Welfare Studies, Allame Tabatabai University, PhD Student, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2017 08 19 This paper tries to study the status of tendency toward drug and alcohol abuse among university students and makes a comparison between native (from Tehran) and non-native (from other parts of Iran) who stay in dorms. This study is a secondary analysis which uses previous data from other grand researches that have been done among different universities in Tehran. According to the data based on these researches (Serajzade, 2002) and (Serajzade, ET, al. 2001) the eminence of native and non-native student are compared and analyzed. In this study the data is analyzed using SPSS through variety of tests such as T-test, Variation analysis, correlations and so on. The results show that among 28 indicators of different pathological problems relating to drug abuse, non-native students are more involved with drugs in 13 indicators while native students are more engage in 8 indicators and there are 7 indicators that engage both groups equally. This paper tries to study the status of tendency toward drug and alcohol abuse among university students and makes a comparison between native (from Tehran) and non-native (from other parts of Iran) who stay in dorms. This study is a secondary analysis which uses previous data from other grand researches that have been done among different universities in Tehran. According to the data based on these researches (Serajzade, 2002) and (Serajzade, ET, al. 2001) the eminence of native and non-native student are compared and analyzed. In this study the data is analyzed using SPSS through variety of tests such as T-test, Variation analysis, correlations and so on. The results show that among 28 indicators of different pathological problems relating to drug abuse, non-native students are more involved with drugs in 13 indicators while native students are more engage in 8 indicators and there are 7 indicators that engage both groups equally.

http://www.jicr.ir/article_339_04025959b191f8f9de3f924f0940515f.pdf