Rhetoric and tautology in speech, reluctance and refusal in execution: Analysis of the status of the culture sector in development program laws

Masoumirad, Reza

doi:10.22035/jicr.2026.3503.3735

Rhetoric and tautology in speech, reluctance and refusal in execution: Analysis of the status of the culture sector in development program laws

Document Type : Scientific Research Manuscript

Author

Reza Masoumirad

Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

10.22035/jicr.2026.3503.3735

Abstract

This article has evaluated the cultural provisions of development program laws in terms of legislative and planning criteria. For this purpose, first, thematic analysis of cultural policies and materials was used to measure their compliance, and then their evaluation and pathology were used by referring to experts. In this study, a model was designed and used to evaluate legislative texts and documents, and with its help, the cultural provisions of the five-year development plans, including the fourth, fifth, and sixth development plans, as well as the law on permanent provisions of development plans, were analyzed, and their weaknesses and shortcomings were examined in terms of legislative and planning criteria. For this purpose, 30 cultural planning and policymaking experts were consulted, and in two stages.The main results of this study were the formal compliance of 67 percent of cultural provisions of development programs with general superior policies and the lower than average compliance (54 percent) of cultural provisions with legislative criteria. Also, the percentage of realization of these provisions was evaluated as about 30 percent in total, which was 30 percent for the sixth program and about 37 percent for the fourth program. The reasons for this can be attributed to the tautology and repetition of cultural policies in development laws in an impractical and vague manner, lack of realism, and changes in the cultural discourse of the implementers after the approval of development laws, resulting in their failure to be realized in practice and implementation.

Keywords

culture

development

1404 vision of Iran

cultural programs

development plan laws

Subjects

Cultural Policy-making

Abrishamirad, M. A., & Asadi Ojagh, N. (2022). The most important reasons for the non-enforceability of laws in the Iranian legal system. Knowledge of Public Law, 11(35), 119-144.

Afshari, A., Tavassoli Roknabadi, M., & Sharifi, S. (2019). Identifying political obstacles to achieving cultural policy goals in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Transcendental Politics, 7(26), 309-331. doi: 10.22034/sm.2019.37740 [In Persian]

Aghasizadeh, F., & Gholami Netaj Amiri, S. (2019). Seventy Years of Planning in Iran: Damages and Challenges. Tehran, Iran: Program and Budget Organization, Development and Foresight Research Center. [In Persian]

Akbari, M. A. (2002). Experiences of cultural planning in Iran 1357-1320. General Culture Council, -(33), 0-0.

Ansari, B. (2019). Principles and techniques of legislation, drafting plans and bills, revising and compiling laws. Tehran, Iran: Dādgostar Publications. [In Persian]

Bagheri Miyab, S., & Bagheri, M. R. (2012). Requirements for the alignment of policy-making and executive institutions in the process of cultural policy-making on modesty and hijab. Quarterly Journal of Cultural Research of Iran, 5(3), 31-45. doi: 10.7508/ijcr.2012.19.002 [In Persian]

Belfiore, E. (2004). Auditing culture: The subsidised cultural sector in the New Public Management. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 10(2), 183–202. doi:10.1080/10286630042000255808

Bourdieu, Pierre (2011), Distinction: A Social Critique of Taste Judgments (H. Chavoshian, Trans.). Tehran, Iran: Thalat Publications. [In Persian]

Gray, C. (2007). Commodification and Instrumentality in Cultural Policy. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 13(2), 203–215. doi:10.1080/10286630701342899

Jalali Mousavi, A., & Sedighi, A. (2023). Review of the Seventh Development Plan Bill: Capital Asset Acquisition Plans, Research Center of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, Study Report, Report Serial Number, 19203. [In Persian]

Javaheri, F., & Jalali, S. (2020). Contradictions of Cultural Policymaking in Iran, Proposing a Study Model. Quarterly Journal of Culture and Communication Studies, 22(53), 201-222. doi:10.22083/jccs.2020.206939.2948 [In Persian]

Johnson, L. (1999), Critics of Culture: From Matthew Arlund to Raymond Williams (Z. Movahed, Trans.). Tehran, Iran: Tarh Now. [In Persian]

Kamali, Y. (2023), Identifying and ranking the challenges of evaluating development policies in Iran (Five-year development plan). Journal of Parliament and Strategy, 115, 91-125. [In Persian]

Kuper, A. (2004). The Social Science Encyclopedia. London: Routledge.

Masoumirad, R., & Mahjor, H.(2025). Evaluation of Macro cultural policies of development programs in the 1404 vision period. Journal of Strategic Studies of Culture, 5(2), 9-36. doi:10.22083/scsj.2024.479994.1219

Matland, R. E. (1995). Synthesizing the Implementation Literature: The Ambiguity-Conflict Model of Policy Implementation. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 5(2), 145-174. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jpart.a037242

Miller, T., & Yúdice, G. (2002). Cultural policy. SAGE Publications Ltd, doi:10.4135/9781446217207

Mohanetfar, Y. (2004). Factors Affecting Current Government Expenditures in Iran (1959-2001). Macroeconomics Research Letter, 4(15), 79-108. [In Persian]

Moradi-Barlian, M., & Tangestani, M. G. (2023). Legal requirements for ensuring the effective implementation of development plan laws in Iran; Case study of the Sixth Development Plan Law (Lessons for the Seventh Development Plan Law). Parliament and Strategy, 3(115), 59-90. doi:10.22034/mr.2022.5425.5178

Mostafavi, S. M. H. (2017), A review of the national development plans with an emphasis on the sixth plan and compare them with benchmark indexes related to Islamic economics. Mieaoi, 6 (3), 83-103.

Persson, M., & Sundell, A. (2025). Ideological bias in policy implementation: public opinion and policy outcomes in 43 democracies. West European Politics, 1–15. doi:10.1080/01402382.2025.2548607

Royer, L. C., & Naghsh Tabrizi, H. (1973), Recommendations on concept, philosophy and organization in order to carry out fundamental reforms. Tehran, Iran: Program and Budget Organization. [In Persian]

Sabbar, S., & Khiyaban, S. H. Z. (2023). Algorithms of Displacement: Emotional and Rhetorical Responses to AI-Driven Job Loss in Digital Public Discourse. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies, 3(4), 1324-1331. doi:10.62225/2583049X.2023.3.4.5012

Salehi Amiri, S. R. (2011). Requirements for optimal cultural planning. Barg-e-Farhang, 23, 88-97.

Salehi Amiri, S. R., & Azimi Dolatabadi, A. (2007) Basics of policy making and cultural planning, Tehran, Iran: Strategic Research Center. [In Persian]

Seidman, S. (2007). The Conflict of Opinions in Sociology (H. Jalili, Trans.). Tehran, Iran: Ney. [In Persian]

Siros, D., Saburinia, M. A., & Marzi Alamdari, G. (2011). Law Approach Challenges: Law Validity and Law Reliability. Legal Research, 10(19), 205-216.

Sorkhedhi, F., & Ashtari Mehrjerdi, A. (2022). ‌Pathology of production and productive economic culture in development programs in line with the formulation of the Seventh Development Program. Quarterly Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in the Humanities, 15(1), 31-65. doi:10.22035/isih.2023.4615.4561

The General Policies of the Fourth Program (2003). Available at: https://farsi.khamenei.ir/news-content?id=37764 [In Persian]

The General policies of the legislative system (2018). Available at: https://farsi.khamenei.ir/news-content?id=43578 [In Persian]

The Law of the fifth five-year development plan.(2010) Available at: https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/790196 [In Persian].

The Law of the fourth five-year development plan. (2004) Available at: https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/print_version/94202 [In Persian]

The Law of the sixth five-year development plan. (2017) Available at: https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/1014547 [In Persian]

The Law on Permanent Provisions of Development Programs.(2017) Available at: https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/1014070 [In Persian]

Thrasbi, D. (2018) Economy and Culture (K. Farhadi, Trans.). Tehran, Iran: Ney. [In Persian]

Send comment about this article

Name *

Enter Name.

Email Address *

Enter a valid email address.