Ali Rabbani; Zahra Maher
Abstract
Formerly most sociologists of science and technology did little to research in the formal literature of the Sociology of Culture and may even were resistant to cultural analysis. The sociologists of culture have also written little analysis on the process of knowledge and technology production. This ...
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Formerly most sociologists of science and technology did little to research in the formal literature of the Sociology of Culture and may even were resistant to cultural analysis. The sociologists of culture have also written little analysis on the process of knowledge and technology production. This is contrary to the basic characteristic of the new sociology of knowledge and science that is emphasis on culture and cultural analysis in science and technology studies. In this article, we trace and analyze how sociologists of science and technology have performed cultural analysis. More recent moves to extend studies of science and technology "outward" beyond formal scientific settings have created new possibilities for the sociology of culture. They have also attracted more attention to the place of culture in knowledge and technology studies. Of these recent attempts are the studies on materialistic culture, scientific citizenship, macro - epistemic (culture in knowledge society), and finally civic epistemologies.
Mohammad Amin Ghaneirad
Abstract
Most of the current policy-making literature in scholar and executive institutions in industrial and technological fields explains Iran’s failure in industrialization process as the result of economic, organizational, and managerial factors. However, this approach itself is among the factors which ...
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Most of the current policy-making literature in scholar and executive institutions in industrial and technological fields explains Iran’s failure in industrialization process as the result of economic, organizational, and managerial factors. However, this approach itself is among the factors which hinder the technology-localization process. Explaining this problem, the present study attempts to explore some conceptual and theoretical issues to understand technology in a broad view –especially in cultural approach. In the theoretical part, the contradiction among technology-oriented and heritage-oriented cultures, innovative production and consumption of technology, cultural rooting and institutional independence of technology, and continuity of cultural heritage in the technological world are discussed; while in another part of the study the influence of two cultures contradiction –among them conflict between heritage and technological canons of culture, epistemological challenges among modern intellectuals, and the consumption edge of Iranian innovative culture of technology- on the pattern of technology’s production and consumption in Iran would be explored. In conclusion, as a result of cultural analysis of technology, some general strategies would be explored and further studies in different aspects is suggested in order to achieve an advanced meta-analysis and offering policies to promote national conduct in cultural policy-making and technological development.
