Journal of Iranian Cultural Research

Journal of Iranian Cultural Research

The function of textiles in the tntangible cultural heritage of Gilan province; Case study of mourning and feast rituals

Document Type : Scientific Research Manuscript

Authors
N. Shahidi 1
A. Rahmani 2
S. Samanian 2
S.A. Seyyedi 2
1 M. A. in Art Research, School of Art & Architecture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Art, School of Art & Architecture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
10.22035/jicr.2020.2593.3015
Abstract
The customs and rituals of the people of Gilan province are part of their intangible identity and heritage, which are studied in this article in two areas of mourning and feasts. Textiles can always have different uses in these rituals, and the study of textiles in the rituals of the province determines their function. 1480 works have been nationally registered in the list of intangible cultural heritage, of which 55 works belong to Gilan province. Seven of the recorded rituals in which textiles are used have been studied as the statistical population of the study. Three of them are in the field of mourning rituals and four are in the field of feasting rituals. This article seeks to answer how textiles are used in mourning and feasting rituals registered in the list of intangible cultural heritage of Gilan province. To achieve this goal, first the type of textiles, color, function, purpose and method of using textiles as research variables are determined, then the variables in the statistical population are studied by library and field researches. The present article is descriptive-analytical. The results show that textiles are used in mourning rituals as means to grant wishes as well as cover. Textiles are also used in various forms in feasts as means for ritual begging, distinction, cover, reminder, offer, giving information, prevention of malice, reaching goals, gift, decoration, storage as well as reward.
Keywords
feasting ritual
Gilan
intangible cultural heritage
mourning ritual
textiles

Subjects

Ahmadi, A. (2018). Gilān va gilānihā az negā-e safarnām-e-nevisān-e oruppayi-e dore-ye qājār [Gilan and the Gilanis from the point of view of European travel writers of the Qajar period]. Našriye-ye Tarix Andiš, 1(2), 132-147.  
Ahmed, A. (2003). Discovering Islam: Making sense of Muslim history and society. London: Routledge.
Babayi, S., Afrashteh, S. & Momenihervi, E. (2019). Naqš-e marāsemāt va āyinhā-ye sonnati dar tarrahi-ye pušāk-e mardom-e Gilān va bāzāfarini-ye in noquš dar tarrǎhi-ye lebās-e mo'āser [The role of traditional ceremonies and rituals in the clothing design of the people of Gilan and the re-creation of these designs in the design of contemporary clothing]. National Conference on Textile Engineering,Islamic Azad University, Ghaemshahr, Iran.
Baqeri, H. (July 6. 2019). Personal interview.
Bayat Fard, F., Lajevardi, F. (2016). The ontological change in human existence through passage rites. Journal of Religious Studies, 10(1), 21-35.
Beigi, H. (2019). The role of ritual tourism in preserving Hossein's mourning culture; case study of Masouleh town. Journal of Iranian Cultural Research, 12(2), 101-131. doi: 10.22035/jicr.2019.2032.2587
Beyhaqi, H. (1986). The popular culture of Iran. Mašhad, Irān: Āstān-e Qods.  
Boshra, M. Taheri, T. (2008). Jašnhā va āyinhā-ye mardom-e Gilān (Be joz āyinhā-ye noruz) [The feasts and rituals of Gilaks people (Except for Nowruz rituals)]. Rašt, Irān: Farhang-e Iliā.
Erbani, E. (1995). Ketāb-e Gilān [Gilan Book]. Tehrān, Irān: Iranian Researcher’s Group.
Hasanzadeh, A (1999). Jelvehā-ye āyini-ye pušāk dar nazd-e mardom-e Gilān [Ritual effects of clothing in the eyes of the people of Gilan]. Ketāb-e Māh-e Honar, 17, 28-29.
Hasanzadeh, A (2000). Nowruz va bāzzayi-ye sāxthā-ye āyini-ye kohan (āyinhā na jašnhā-ye kohan dar Irān-e emruz, nevešte-ye Mahmud ruhalamini) [Nowruz and the regeneration of ancient ritual structures]. Ketāb-e Māh-e Honar, 29&30, 28-32.
Mohammadiyeganeh, B., Ahadnezhdroshani, M., Ebrahimzadeh, M., & Cheraqi, M (2013). Analysis of factors affecting tourism development in areas of religious festivals, Case study: Shah Shahidan Rudbar village, Alam Vachini ceremony. Journal of Motāle'āt-e Modiriyat-e Gardešgari, 23, 51-69.
Mohseni, F. (2016). Namādpardāzi dar afsāne-ye xatun čāhāršanbe suri dar Gilān [Symbolism in the legend of the Syrian Wednesday woman in Gilan]. Journal of Culture and Culture and Folk Literature, 10, 191-206.
Moin. M. (2002). Farhang-e Mo’in [Moin encyclopedic dictionary]. Tehrān, Iran: University of Tehran.
Motaqed, S. (1990). Pārčehe makšufe az tābute boronzi-ye kitin hutrān dar arjān-e Behbehān [Discovered cloth from the bronze coffin of Chitin Hotran in Arjan, Behbahan]. Journal of Asar, 17, 64-147.
Navaeian, M. (2009). Tirma-e sizda (jašn-e Tirgān) dar Šomāl-e kešvar [Month of Tir (Tirgan Celebration) in the north of the country]. Tehrān. Iran: Badraqe-ye Jāvidān.
Payandeh, M (1998). Āyinhā va bāvardāšthā-ye Gil-o Deylam [Rituals and beliefs of Gil and Deylam]. Tehrān, Irān: Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies.
Poorahmad jaktaji, M. (2006). Farhang-e āmiāne-ye ziaratgāhhā-ye Gilān [Folk culture of Gilan shrines]. Rašt, Irān: Farhang-e Iliā.
Rabiee, A (2014). Košti-ye gilemardi, varzešI kohan dar gilān [Gile Mardi wrestling, an ancient sport in Gilan]. Journal of Iranian Culture, 36, 79-104.
Salehiamiri, S. & Samimi, N. (2007). Āyinhā-ye noruzi va hambastegi-ye melli [Nowruz rituals and national solidarity]. Journal of Iranian Culture, 11, 3-19.
Tamimdari, A (2011). Farhang-e Āmme [Popular Culture]. Tehrān, Irān: Našr-e Mehkāme.
Send comment about this article
Enter Name.
Enter a valid email address.
Enter a vaid affiliation.
Enter comments (At leaset 10 words)
CAPTCHA Image
Enter Security Code Correctly.

  • Receive Date 14 May 2020
  • Revise Date 04 August 2020
  • Accept Date 28 August 2020