Scientific Research Manuscript
Higher Education
S.R. Ameli; R. Sayadi
Abstract
Given that the University of Tehran is one of the key institutions of knowledge production, two main questions arise in this regard: What is the student lifeworld at the University of Tehran? What is the connection between this lifeworld and the university? In the course of this research to reach the ...
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Given that the University of Tehran is one of the key institutions of knowledge production, two main questions arise in this regard: What is the student lifeworld at the University of Tehran? What is the connection between this lifeworld and the university? In the course of this research to reach the actual answer to the problems, theoretical views of lifeworld and communication action were taken into account. Field information was obtained using ethnographic methodology as well through two tools, namely participatory observation and semi-structured interview. The sample of the study was 30 students who were interviews. They were from different colleges such as medical sciences; electrical, electronic, and mechanical and civil engineering departments and technical campus, theater and music from the faculty of fine arts, faculty of social sciences. The student's world was defined by eight categories: student, professor, classmate, academic terms and field of study, cyberspace, media, university, and dormitory. Results was obtained from qualitative interviews, with emphasis being on the existence of a semantic disorder for the "sense of being a student", the spirit of scientific cooperation and the horizon of looking to the future in the light of active and effective role of students and universities for the development of the country.
Scientific Research Manuscript
Cultural Studies
M. Aznab; S.J. Mousavi; J. Honarvar
Abstract
Place and the sense of attachment to a place are among the topics that are considered in this study in which people are shown to have internal relationship with the environment. In fact, the feeling of belonging and attachment to a place play a decisive role in any situation and space, in order to benefit ...
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Place and the sense of attachment to a place are among the topics that are considered in this study in which people are shown to have internal relationship with the environment. In fact, the feeling of belonging and attachment to a place play a decisive role in any situation and space, in order to benefit and maintain human presence there. This sense leads to the connection in such a way that man considers himself as a part of the place. The spatial attachment is a relationship of belonging and identity to the environment in which one lives. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to achieve the effective factors in the formation of a sense of attachment, by recognizing the characteristics of the place. This research is qualitative in nature and is conducted with an existential phenomenological approach in which three types of informal (conversational) and semi-structured interviews and in-depth (structured) interviews are used as data tools. Findings show that two categories of factors can be effective in the sense of attachment of residents to the house: external dialectic and factors that are related to the outside of the house (i.e., the quality of the exterior appearance of the house; neighborhood reputation and security) and internal dialectics factors that are related to inside (i.e. ownership; quality of comfort; physical quality of the house; neighborhood satisfaction and positive emotional relationships). These two categories influence the formation of residents' attachment to house i.e. "human-house interaction" and have been identified as the core of research. In the phenomenological approach, the sense of belonging means the inter-relationship between human and the environment, which includes all indicators.
Scientific Research Manuscript
Sociology
H. Afra
Abstract
In a contemporary individualistic world with a significant diversity of groups, institutions, identities, and attitudes, cultures are likely to collide, especially among young people. In such circumstances, it is social tolerance that prevents the eruption of violence and conflict in a culturally diverse ...
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In a contemporary individualistic world with a significant diversity of groups, institutions, identities, and attitudes, cultures are likely to collide, especially among young people. In such circumstances, it is social tolerance that prevents the eruption of violence and conflict in a culturally diverse society. Therefore, the present study aims to study the relationship between individualism and social tolerance in the youth of Bojnord. A total of 825 young people were selected by the multi-stage cluster sampling technique and interviewed through a questionnaire. Its reliability and validity are confirmed by Cronbach's alpha technique and face validity. The findings show that there is a significant and direct relationship between moral individualism and social tolerance, extreme individualism and social tolerance, as well as between moral individualism / extreme individualism and the three dimensions of social tolerance (political, identity, and behavior). The results of the regression coefficient show that moral individualism and extreme individualism explain about 34% of the variance of social tolerance. Thus, with the spread of one of the cultural consequences of modernity, namely individualism, social tolerance increases in society.
Scientific Research Manuscript
Cultural Studies
A. Ghasemi
Abstract
The Iranians’ Ethos is one of the issues that have been taken into account by researchers in recent decades. This article takes up the issue using a fuzzy method and attempts to show that ethos like many other concepts is fuzzy. For that purpose, break points and sensitive historical events were ...
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The Iranians’ Ethos is one of the issues that have been taken into account by researchers in recent decades. This article takes up the issue using a fuzzy method and attempts to show that ethos like many other concepts is fuzzy. For that purpose, break points and sensitive historical events were selected that had a great impact on the mood of Iranians, including the famine during the First World War. The war in the early 20th century had also adversely impacted the economic, social and cultural life of Iranians, which in this study specifically examines as the Ethos of Iranians. The results show that the people during the famine demonstrated characteristics such as individualism, collectivism, anti-authoritarianism and lawlessness, each of which too prevailed to some extent among Iranians. Collectivism emerged in the form of two indicators of generosity and social participation, individualism as consideration to material and immaterial interests, with the material having a higher membership score (0.48). On the discussion of lawlessness, various crimes emerged and overcharging had the highest score with 0.52 points of fuzzy membership. Anti-authoritarianism was also manifested in the form of indicators such as interference in the government’s affairs and accountability, in which the latter received the highest score with 0.18 member score. The final analysis of the concepts also shows that overcharging was the main Ethos during the famine of the First World War. Finally, it can be said that Ethos is like many fuzzy concepts and using this method can provide more appropriate results.
Scientific Research Manuscript
Women Studies
M. Shahryari; A. Navah
Abstract
The relationship between the rationalization of social relations and individual freedoms is one of the main themes of sociology. The purpose of this study is to identify the inclination and desire of couples in a legal process to be separated that have been either hidden in divorced families or have ...
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The relationship between the rationalization of social relations and individual freedoms is one of the main themes of sociology. The purpose of this study is to identify the inclination and desire of couples in a legal process to be separated that have been either hidden in divorced families or have been discussed less. This is qualitative research which has been conducted using a phenomenological approach and targeted sampling (snowball) strategies. The required data were 20 couples at risk of divorce to the saturation level and analyzed using semi-structured interviews as well as the content analysis method. After extracting important sentences and words from the interview text, 213 primary codes were taken out, which according to the purpose and question of the research are classified into four major themes: macro, medium, micro and interactive. According to research findings, there is a danger of daily love and suppression of romance, fading of love scenario, fantasy and sexual imaginations, change of desire in fantasy and the emergence of another great, fantasized and distorted love, duality of love and fantasy, selfishness and transition to hegemonic femininity. In general, the findings show that divorce does not lead to a sudden relationship break; rather examining the experience structure of the participants indicates that the dimensions of divorce are systematic, with rotational context and the marriage process formation.
Scientific Research Manuscript
Social Sciences and Communications
M. Haghpors; S.H. Nabavi; M.R. Kolahi
Abstract
The paper aims to identify the semantic implication of moral and normal subjects, and mechanisms of their reconstruction in the family institution. For this purpose, here Stuart Hall’s representation approach and Jeffrey Alexander's strong research program have been applied to reach the conclusion ...
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The paper aims to identify the semantic implication of moral and normal subjects, and mechanisms of their reconstruction in the family institution. For this purpose, here Stuart Hall’s representation approach and Jeffrey Alexander's strong research program have been applied to reach the conclusion on the main research questions: What is the semantic implication of moral and normal subjects in the family? And what is the mechanism for reconstructing a moral subject in the family? 65 notes and editorials published in Shargh, Etemad-e Melli and Hamshahri newspapers in one section as well as Javan and Kayhan were selected and reviewed in the course of the study. Newspapers in the other section, representing the murder of Romina Ashrafi, were examined using a narrative research framework and thematic analysis. Findings reveal that in both sections, similar components of individual ethics in the family institution are represented as a normal ideal of a unified world in the network of obedience and submission.
