Sociology
Zohreh Shahghasemi; Mohmmad Mahdi Forghani; Hadi Khaniki
Abstract
The movement towards the goals of "Vision plan 1404" needs the perception of the requirements to prepare plans for achieving the favorite objectives of development. With the advent of the information age, the rules of development policy-making strongly have changed in the world and also unique opportunities ...
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The movement towards the goals of "Vision plan 1404" needs the perception of the requirements to prepare plans for achieving the favorite objectives of development. With the advent of the information age, the rules of development policy-making strongly have changed in the world and also unique opportunities areprovided by variables of communications for countries that have been in early stages of development. Based on this, considering the communications in macro-level and in the political, social, economic and cultural development plans is important and necessary. This requires a review and pathology of previous plans and evaluation of their strengths and weaknesses for preparing of more comprehensive future plans. Themain question of this study is: what is the approach of development plans to communications section after Islamic revolution? Which aspects of communications are considered, and what aspects are ignored? This study analyzes five development plans after the revolution, by using of qualitative content analysis. Results show that in all five-year plans the focus was on hardware and quantitative dimensions of communication development and media, but qualitative and content aspects, such as the right to universal access to information, freedom to obtain and disseminate information within the constitution, freedom of speech and press, a move towards the information society and knowledge-based, also other dimensions of communications such as human, traditional and social communication has been less considered. In the fourth development plan that is "knowledge" – centered, new fields of communications has been studied comprehensively in comparison to other plans. According to these approaches and new scientific and experimental perspectives, this paper suggests further engagement in communications necessity for development policy-making.
Saied Reza Ameli
Abstract
The globalization or the new ideological globalizings resulted from Global Communication Industry; both have accelerated the trans-nationalization of cultures and civilizations. In another word, globalization simultaneously has created two voluntary and involuntary global dialogues in the world. Before ...
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The globalization or the new ideological globalizings resulted from Global Communication Industry; both have accelerated the trans-nationalization of cultures and civilizations. In another word, globalization simultaneously has created two voluntary and involuntary global dialogues in the world. Before the emergence of global communication industry or as the Frankfort School has called “global communication industry”, members of the world civilizations had no access to the simultaneous and shared cultural spheres. Although the civilizational spheres were far apart but at the same time they could impact each other in a very long historical process. Entering to the communications era or the single space of communications, an new and inevitable season of civilization`s confrontations emerged which need serious overview in dialogue among civilization. Necessarily the analyses derived from modernity are not sufficiently applicable to these days’ dialogues. With the rise of transportations industry and emergence of virtual space, the world in both virtual and real sphere is minimizing and in this minimized virtual and real world the inter- civilizational and inter- cultural dialogue both need new definitions. This article aims to offer the generalized definition of “Dialogue”, which is based on hermeneutics and later the relation of “Text” in inter-civilizational dialogue and the economic, political and cultural context will be discussed afterwards. We will reach to influence of globalization on dialogue process by analysis of Text and Context`s relations. Having this perspective, four grand historical approaches could be existed; These four approaches based on mathematical look to the beginning and continuation of civilizations, are: Euro-centrism, Americo- centrism, Poly- centrism to civilization. As a conclusion, a new approach derived from global sphere`s to civilization, universalism to civilizations will be discussed.
