Vahid Shalchi
Abstract
This article has a review on the third zone coffee shop youth life style and looks forward to note the features of this group’s life style. Some of the other objective of this article are notifying the importance of different elements in life, consumption norms and the types of leisure. The results ...
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This article has a review on the third zone coffee shop youth life style and looks forward to note the features of this group’s life style. Some of the other objective of this article are notifying the importance of different elements in life, consumption norms and the types of leisure. The results of this research shows that in this social atmosphere, post modern lifestyle features are seen as fashion, hybrid taste, interaction among local and global affairs, the importance of hobbies, consumption and the necessity of leisure. The study on this group of Iranian youth foretells how difficult. Complicated and fragile cultural policy is. Therefore, cultural affecting on the youth generation is not possible only through addrssing the values in surface.
M.J. Emaeili
Abstract
Over the last forty years, experts and researchers examining "impracticability," "immodesty," and "inefficiency" regarding religious policy in universities, have pointed to multiple causes and reasons Current research with respect to the role of the causes and reasons for this are considered Insignificant. ...
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Over the last forty years, experts and researchers examining "impracticability," "immodesty," and "inefficiency" regarding religious policy in universities, have pointed to multiple causes and reasons Current research with respect to the role of the causes and reasons for this are considered Insignificant. With the help of Weber's theory, the weakness of the "Ethics of responsibility" at the policy institution is brought to light Weber’s theory suggests that there is much suspicion, dissatisfaction, and opposition to Islamization On the other hand, in application to the failures of Islamization of universities in the weakness of morality, the policy of the institution bears responsibility. The central question this article asks if religion policy in the university is based on the notion of "Responsibility Ethics.” The author, with the main question and six sub- questions, makes a qualitative analysis of the Document of the Islamic University as approved by the Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution of 1392 and will show that Religious policy in the university is not based on "Ethics of Responsibility.” However, this requires another independent review as to whether the document is based on “Ethics of Belief” or not.
Sociology
K. Keshavarz
Abstract
Students play a vital role in determining the future of their country, and in the case of Iran, their mental state with regard to hope and despair in planning their future has an impact on the Iranian society. For years, hope and concern about the future and the feeling of futureless Iranian society ...
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Students play a vital role in determining the future of their country, and in the case of Iran, their mental state with regard to hope and despair in planning their future has an impact on the Iranian society. For years, hope and concern about the future and the feeling of futureless Iranian society are the issues that have attracted thinkers, politicians and social activists. This article tries how to focus on the formation of hopeful or hopeless mindset of students in the prevailing constitutions in contemporary Iran. The research is qualitative in nature where interviews have been conducted with 26 female and male students from public universities in Tehran using a semi-structured questionnaire. The thematic analysis method was used for the acquired data. In this article, Ghassan Hage, a Lebanese-Australian anthropologist's conceptualization of societies as "mechanisms of production and distribution of hope" is used. The findings show that collective hope an important part is absent among research participants; they, due to the existence of systematic discrimination, are excluded from the circle of production and distribution of hope. One of the consequences of social despair among the research participants is their desire to migrate outside of Iran. Since the economic, political and social obstructions fuel the spread of social despair among the participants, the recognition of social movements and the openness of governing institutions to the economic, social and political demands of the people and efforts to fulfill these demands can help spread social hope in the community. The results of this research can deepen our view on the issue of hope among all sections of the society.
Leila Vossoughi; Sadegh Khoshnamak
Abstract
Today, Tourism is more than an economic activity and as a world and social phenomenon has certain complexities which are the result of displacement of people from different cultures and their communicationse and interactions in peace time. In this regard, understanding cultural differences is an essential ...
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Today, Tourism is more than an economic activity and as a world and social phenomenon has certain complexities which are the result of displacement of people from different cultures and their communicationse and interactions in peace time. In this regard, understanding cultural differences is an essential factor in developing a successful tourism industry. This study aimed to examine cross-cultural differences in tourism and the ways the local community encounters with them. This was a qualitative study. Research participants included twelve persons from local people in Ghara dagh (Arasbaran) Area who were selected by purposeful sampling. This study indicated that determinants of tourist– local community contact, the role of culture in tourism, types of intercultural encounters, the cultural differences between tourists and local community, the cultural differences problems of tourist–local community contact, the impact of cultural differences on the local community and the style of encounter of local community with the tourists' cultural differences are seven main themes related to cross-cultural differences in tourism and 26 sideshows were infulencial factors on main issues.
Psychology, Video Games
Z. Tasviri; Z. Athari
Abstract
Due to the sensitive conditions of childhood and the fact that one of the most popular and influential types of media for children is animation, it is inevitable to study the effects of observing animations in the education of this period. The present study was conducted to investigate the negation and ...
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Due to the sensitive conditions of childhood and the fact that one of the most popular and influential types of media for children is animation, it is inevitable to study the effects of observing animations in the education of this period. The present study was conducted to investigate the negation and necessity of educational implications of Sponge Bob animation based on six areas of education. The formal validity of the categories related to the six domains was confirmed by experts. 772 using the Scott coefficient and the opinions of 4 experts in this field; Finally, Shannon entropy method was used to analyze the data obtained from the study. Based on the findings of this study, 242 topics related to the existence of six fields of education in this animation were observed that the field of biological and physical education has the highest level of attention and importance and the field of moral education has the lowest level of attention and importance. Also, 314 themes were observed in the negation of the six domains; the negation of the field of moral education has the most attention and importance and the negation of the field of aesthetic and artistic education has the least attention and importance. Findings indicate that the growth of human existence has not been considered in a balanced way in SpongeBob animation, so it is recommended to avoid the formation of caricature characters and pay attention to all areas of human existence.
Cyberspace and Metaverse Culture
M. Rajabi; M.S. Nasrollahi
Abstract
The future challenges of artificial intelligence, especially in the relationship between humans and intelligent systems or technologically advanced machines as well as the power of its functions in social media, are a cause of concern whose cultural impacts have been presented after further investigation. ...
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The future challenges of artificial intelligence, especially in the relationship between humans and intelligent systems or technologically advanced machines as well as the power of its functions in social media, are a cause of concern whose cultural impacts have been presented after further investigation. As such, the main goal of the article is to analyze the cultural consequences of artificial intelligence in social media i.e. what positive and negative impacts the use of AI have on social media. Taking into account the analytical method of thematic analysis, the data has been collected through questionnaire-based interviews with experts. The findings show that one of the most important cultural impacts of the use and development of artificial intelligence on social media is the scalability (expansion of the scope) of the effectiveness of human decisions and actions, new structuring of the human communication system, transformation in the way of cultural consumption, reducing the power of human choice and delegation. Other aspects mentioned are the disruption of the functioning of the representation of truth in the media, the disruption of the balance between the benefits of personalized content and privacy protection, the countercultural effects of designers and technology owners on the functioning of intelligent systems, the transformation in the way humans and technology interact, the lack of transparency of the consequences of the use of artificial intelligence, and the limitation of the power of governance as well as traditional and the impossibility of effective supervision and legislation, etc.
Social Sciences and Communications
H. Raghfar; Z. Shafiei
Abstract
The popularity of the network concept has increased dramatically, its importance for entrepreneurial activities has become increasingly recognized, and in a way, it can be said that it has become fashionable. Recent studies of the new economic sociology on the subject of women's entrepreneurship also ...
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The popularity of the network concept has increased dramatically, its importance for entrepreneurial activities has become increasingly recognized, and in a way, it can be said that it has become fashionable. Recent studies of the new economic sociology on the subject of women's entrepreneurship also focus on general specifications and limitations; they mainly emphasize the importance of networks. It is important to note that we must trace the fundamental difference between the achievements of men and women entrepreneurs in the concept of networks. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to increase the perception of networks and how to use them for entrepreneurial and business activities. To achieve this goal, the social network perspective has been considered and the qualitative method of network analysis has been used to deeply explain the network activities of 40 participants in the study. In this paper, we will study the social networks of women who have founded modern handicraft brands. This paper elaborates on two main questions; 1) what are the forms and quality of women's networking in this field? And 2) dose this networking help to create or facilitate their economic activities? To answer these questions, we present three layers of the network. Strong ties that are the family relationships, weak ties which include friendships and relationships with strangers i.e., customers. The most important viewpoint of this study is that its subjects are mostly using virtual communication tools for establishing relations with their customers. As discussed in this paper, this type of communication somehow guarantees the success and durability of their business.
Social Sciences and Communications
N. Razeghi; M. Sharepour; F. Akhondzade
Abstract
An ever-increasing digital divide around the globe has turned into one of the greatest challenges to several areas of the information society with direct and indirect consequences. This has also increased the demand for more research in this field. This study, which is based on Bourdieu's cultural capital ...
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An ever-increasing digital divide around the globe has turned into one of the greatest challenges to several areas of the information society with direct and indirect consequences. This has also increased the demand for more research in this field. This study, which is based on Bourdieu's cultural capital reproduction theory, is an attempt to answer the question as: To what extent individuals' cultural capital affects the digital gap among them? The survey method was applied in this research where a questionnaire was used to collect the data. The population of the study consisted of 183,198 youths from the city of Bābol (Mazandaran, Iran) aged 18-29 years. The sample size was estimated to be 385 by Cochran formula. The data were then collected randomly in a multistage cluster sampling from 8 areas in the above city. The results showed that there is a digital divide among people with different cultural capitals. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the objectified dimension of the cultural capital (β = 0.472), the embodied dimension (β = 0.41) and the institutionalized dimension (β = 0.20) had the greatest effect on the people's digital divide. The results also showed that the independent variable of the research, i.e. cultural capital, explained about 0.26 percent of the variance of the dependent variable, i.e. the digital divide.
Arash Hassan pour; Soraya Memar
Abstract
Religiosity has been pluralized and diversified at present era. This study, accepted this presupposition that religiosity as a varied, diverse and instable issue is out of duality of being religiousness or not. By accepting this presupposition we study and interpret one type of religiosity among youth ...
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Religiosity has been pluralized and diversified at present era. This study, accepted this presupposition that religiosity as a varied, diverse and instable issue is out of duality of being religiousness or not. By accepting this presupposition we study and interpret one type of religiosity among youth in Isfahan. To achieve the given purpose, by review the previous studies, in interpretive approach, qualitative method framework, Grounded Theory tradition, interview and Simmel theory about religiosity, data is collected. Based on the findings of the study, and with criteria of “self-recognition” we discovered and identified Self referential religiosity. Also, the results of the qualitative data reveal that religiosity of Youth change to: individual, non-compulsory, private, dispositional, and selective, based on self- Intellection, non-accepting heteronomy of religious institution and tend to contingency, hedonistic Phenomena. Finally In this study we also tried to offer, describe and illustrate paradigmatic model of qualitative data in frame of casual, contextual, consequential circumstances about advent and influence this type of religiosity.
Cultural Studies
H. Beigi
Abstract
Religious rituals and mourning ceremonies are amongst the most important resources of reaching identity intellectual ruts and the lifestyle by the individuals who collectively exercise and continue them in a certain region. Hosseini mourning ritual ceremony, in Masuleh Residential Estate, is the performance ...
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Religious rituals and mourning ceremonies are amongst the most important resources of reaching identity intellectual ruts and the lifestyle by the individuals who collectively exercise and continue them in a certain region. Hosseini mourning ritual ceremony, in Masuleh Residential Estate, is the performance of traditional rites that put on their symbolic guise on the body of the Muslims’ lamentations after the entry of Islam into this region and updated the traditional ritual style for expressing sympathy with Imam Hussein (PBUH) and his companions. This cultural phenomenon that has been registered as a spiritual heritage needs to be seen so that its practical manifestations can be preserved and guarded hence not lost. Ritual tourism with its dramatic feature, repetition and redisplay of the course of event narrates the ritual actions and reactions before the eyes of the tourists and acts as a powerful medium for preserving the unique and lean characteristics of the regions. The present study is a descriptive and survey research that has been conducted through taking advantage of such means as interview and questionnaire based on convenience and snow ball methods amongst 340 domestic and foreign tourists of Hosseini mourning rites in Masuleh residential estate in 2018. The results of the investigations and analyses of the tourists’ ideas and outputs based on SPSS and Excel are expressive of the considerable role of ritual tourism in the preservation and guarding of the traditional rites and the necessity for equipping the region’s tourism infrastructures. In line with purposive guidance of the tourists and benefiting from the ritual tourism, the holding of specialized and well-planned tours is amongst the primary suggestions of the present study.
K. Aghamohseni
Abstract
Applied ethnomusicology is a growing trend across arts and humanities, towards the societal usefulness of academic work. In the second half of the twentieth century, it involved a variety of activities, such as holding festivals to preserve traditional music. In the 21st century, the second major trend ...
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Applied ethnomusicology is a growing trend across arts and humanities, towards the societal usefulness of academic work. In the second half of the twentieth century, it involved a variety of activities, such as holding festivals to preserve traditional music. In the 21st century, the second major trend in applied ethnomusicology has emerged i.e. music is seen as a tool to solve social problems. Some of the most common areas in applied ethnomusicology are: trying to realize the rights of deprived cultural and musical groups, protecting musical rights in the form of archival projects, trying to realize cultural and musical rights of minorities, efforts to protect the natural and social environments of musical cultures, participation in crises such as war and health and, cross-cultural music education. Applied ethnomusicology, in its modern sense, has no place in the current discourse in Iran. In other words, no trace of applied ethnomusicology can be found among the approved lectures and post-graduate dissertations in this field. In short, the potential of applied ethnomusicology has been widely neglected in the cultural policy of Iran. Among cultural opportunities offered by applied ethnomusicology include: redefining deprived cultural-musical groups and supporting them within the framework of popular festivals in the country, Establishment of regional music archives in deprived areas in order to have a lasting impact on the musical life of those regions, provide solutions to improve cultural-musical conditions of Afghan immigrants.
Theory and Criticism
E. Shaghasemi
Abstract
The rise of the Korean music group, BTS, has been nothing short of phenomenal, captivating global audiences with their unique blend of pop, hip-hop, and rhythm and blues (R&B). Since they have been able to effectively employ elements from religion, their success extends beyond mere musical prowess, ...
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The rise of the Korean music group, BTS, has been nothing short of phenomenal, captivating global audiences with their unique blend of pop, hip-hop, and rhythm and blues (R&B). Since they have been able to effectively employ elements from religion, their success extends beyond mere musical prowess, transcending cultural and linguistic barriers. Their influence not only redefines the music industry but also serves as a fascinating study in cultural exchange and the evolving landscape of international entertainment industry. The present study is a data-mining exploration into BTS’s phenomenal success in creating a huge fan base in Iran. This study, however, shows that BTS’s influence in Iran is in decline as in three consecutive years leading to 2024 the tweets Iranians published on BTS declined from 39237 to 23697, to 9215. We should note, nevertheless, that based on our data, the hard core of BTS in Iran has remained intact and it seems that a group of highly loyal Iranian female teenagers try to keep BTS alive in Iran.
Intercultural Communications
Saied Reza Ameli; M. Hajjari
Abstract
The schemata existing among social groups have a direct impact on the formation of interactions in different societies. People often perceive others as members of a social group and form their own relationships and interactions based on ideas that they have from one another. The study and identification ...
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The schemata existing among social groups have a direct impact on the formation of interactions in different societies. People often perceive others as members of a social group and form their own relationships and interactions based on ideas that they have from one another. The study and identification of ideas can be effective in establishing or not establishing communication. This article studies the schemata between members of the Islamic Association and Basij members. Because of this, we tried to use Nishida’s theory of schemata. Based on this theory, schemata is a set of past experiences that are categorized in relevant knowledge groups and used to guide our behavior in familiar situations. According to the definitions of Nishida (1999) and Turner (1987), personal and self-schemata are two of the types of schemata's. The method approach in this study is a qualitative approach. At the end, a Semi-structured interview was conducted between 46 active members of these Groups. Data analysis has been carried out in the form of thematic analysis. Personal schemata of the members of the Islamic Association are identified and categorized against the self-schemata of the members of the Basij in the form of themes and sub-themes. In the following, opposite and similar schemata between the two Student groups have been identified.
Cultural Studies
P. Mohammadi; N. Amiri; S. Gholipour
Abstract
The perception of residents of a neighborhood about their life there may indicate "restlessness" and "tension" or "peacefulness" and "calmness". The starting point of the present study is the lived experience of one of the authors and the exploratory observation of two others in the Daulatabad neighborhood ...
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The perception of residents of a neighborhood about their life there may indicate "restlessness" and "tension" or "peacefulness" and "calmness". The starting point of the present study is the lived experience of one of the authors and the exploratory observation of two others in the Daulatabad neighborhood of the city of Kermanshah who found that the general feeling of the residents there is related to "place" and their sense of belonging. As such, the article intends to search as what makes the residents to feel so. While searching for the main question, the accuracy of more or less intuitive statement was also tested. But the emphasis had been to find elements that make life in Daulatabad more or less acceptable to its inhabitants. The theoretical basis is a narrative view and specifically the micro concept of Boje’s narrative. Through interviews, observation and of course data of the lived experience, two important elements in the life of neighborhood residents were highlighted and the two meanings that showed the acceptability of the neighborhood for its residents are: Local mosque and bazaar, symbols of religion and the world. But what has made these two bodies important in creating a sense of belonging to the neighborhood is how they are interwoven in daily life and of course, the placement of dimensions of these symbols in the collective memory. The present article, in fact, describes and analyzes these facts.
Mohammad Aref; Maryam Raoofi
Abstract
This article attempts to analyze a part of the findings of documentation survey and field work carried out for five years in two cities and 67villages in Komeijan region of Markazi province, Iran, from some new perspectives such as ritual morphography, dramatic origin studies, eastern Scapegoat’s ...
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This article attempts to analyze a part of the findings of documentation survey and field work carried out for five years in two cities and 67villages in Komeijan region of Markazi province, Iran, from some new perspectives such as ritual morphography, dramatic origin studies, eastern Scapegoat’s and anthropology of rituals. Using methods of current, and interviewing with 119 of the eldest native settlers ,as informants, and regarding the biochronology of man’s life in this region from the primitive form to civility which have been assigned to go back from the third millennium B.C.up to the present time, the morphography of 48 popular Dramatic Rituals has been determined. Among the findings of the study, one of the Archetypal Dramatic rituals, called Qaraiskurmah in the field of Anthropology of rituals, is Scapegoat’s. All these show the high IQ, innovative mind, and creative artistic tastes of the people in this region of Iran, whether they are Turkish, Persia, or Tats speakers.
Educational Sciences, Psychology, Behavioral Sciences and Physical Education
A.A. Hedayati; M. Farajollahi; N. Fazeli; M.R. Sarmadi
Abstract
Open education, in light of an amazing technological development, has transformed the educational system with changes in "educational culture" and an emphasis on the "learner-centered" principle. Since this has not been taken into account in Iran's educational system, the present article critically examines ...
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Open education, in light of an amazing technological development, has transformed the educational system with changes in "educational culture" and an emphasis on the "learner-centered" principle. Since this has not been taken into account in Iran's educational system, the present article critically examines the issue of imperfect construction of an open education system in Iran. To analyze the issue historically, a genealogical method propounded by Foucault has been applied. Genealogy explains the evolution of historical moments in their internal power relations, as Foucault says: it is a discourse which intertwines power and knowledge. The "genealogical analysis" refers to an epistemological strategy formed in various domains of history, political and social sciences. To explain the aforementioned problem, we need to focus on both traditional and modern education discourses in the discursive space of open education. In response to the main question of the article i.e., what could have caused the imperfectness of open education in contemporary Iran? The findings indicate that "neglect to scientific software and discursive aspects", which followed the dominance of instrumental scientific view; "immature understanding of open education" which reduced it to complementary education and "bureaucratic relations" which are in conflict with the democratic character of post-modern education, have all led to the "imperfectness of open education" which has deepened the challenge of the alienation of "science" from culture and society.
Social Sciences and Communications
R. Ghanbari Ghadikolaei
Abstract
Technological revolution is an outcome of the third wave of revolutions that has brought forth tangible changes and transformations in all industries, including tourism. Technology advancement creates new opportunities for virtual tourism. As such, the virtual tour experience and the study of tourist ...
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Technological revolution is an outcome of the third wave of revolutions that has brought forth tangible changes and transformations in all industries, including tourism. Technology advancement creates new opportunities for virtual tourism. As such, the virtual tour experience and the study of tourist behavior have turned into an important subject of tourism studies. In this milieu, the current study aims to identify and explain theoretical frameworks of behavioral domain of virtual tourists. It systematically reviews researches on virtual tourist behavior by taking into account scientific articles published in Scopus-indexed journals between 1999 and 2022 as behavior indicators. The findings demonstrated that China and the United States have been on forefront in researches on the behavior of virtual tourists. The most important theoretical approaches to that behavior are: technology acceptance model, planned behavior, and stimulus-organism-response, theory of flow, attention recovery, immersion and presence. In order to identify main components in the proposed study related to the behavior of virtual tourists, the quantitative content analysis was used. In the end, a conceptual framework was extracted from the content of the articles. It was found that the most important and effective theory in this field is technology acceptance.
Art and Aestetics
Kimiya Hedayati; Ali Asgari
Abstract
The influential and powerful medium of cinema always tries to show the whole more realistically by connecting the story, character, and scene, and this issue is followed by the establishment of explicit and implicit signs in the buildings and cities' design process. This research is about finding the ...
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The influential and powerful medium of cinema always tries to show the whole more realistically by connecting the story, character, and scene, and this issue is followed by the establishment of explicit and implicit signs in the buildings and cities' design process. This research is about finding the answer of this question how would the description and position of the place as a scene for story formation, be related to the characterization and story content of the Marvel and DC movies? This research aims to measure the compatibility of common architectural indicators in buildings related to superheroes and content characterization of Marvel and DC movies. The present research, with its descriptive nature and relying on content analyzing in a qualitative-interpretive paradigm and semantic and linguistic semiotic procedure, will try to read the meanings, metaphors and how to connect the meanings in the ideas related to the design of the house and city of the superheroes of the Marvel and DC worlds. The stage designers in Marvel and DC movies try to introduce different spaces on a city scale, which shows concepts such as the generic, mental, and physical superiority of their superheroes with various manifestations of classical, hi-tech, and bionic architecture. This feature is changed the time features related to the story. But "mysterious architecture in the arrangement of hidden spaces and connections" and "sharp and clear combinations behind a simple appearance" are relatively repeated for each of the houses.
Al-Farabi and Cultural Policy-Making
N. Keikha
Abstract
This article examines the thoughts of Abu Nasr Farabi in terms of attention to multicultural society and raises the question whether minorities and different ethnic and religious groups are recognized in Farabi's thought. If the answer is yes, how does this happen? In this study, in the two parts of ...
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This article examines the thoughts of Abu Nasr Farabi in terms of attention to multicultural society and raises the question whether minorities and different ethnic and religious groups are recognized in Farabi's thought. If the answer is yes, how does this happen? In this study, in the two parts of ontological foundations and political-social foundations, topics such as the precedence of philosophy over religion, communal city, the great society, the use of allegory and imagination, the evolutionary formation of language and society, and the increasing complexity of language along with the evolution of society and the impact of Farabi's ontological debates on the acceptance of pluralism in society, have been discussed. In discussing the formation of society, Farabi talked about how different cultures were created and then how they faced each other. A communal city gives the same status to minorities and different groups as advanced democracies do today. The great society in his thought is made up of all nations and is more complete than a single country. Philosophy, which is based on universal rational reasoning and methodology, determines the practical and theoretical opinions of religion and provides a common language for all the residents of a city, and thus, hadithism and religious appearances do not replace rational truths. All of these make Farabi's thought rich and efficient source for analyzing and investigating a multicultural society and show the acceptance and desirability of a multicultural society in his thought.
V. Shalchi; S. Rahimi
Abstract
The Iranian society- despite wishes or some ideals or in a controversy way stereotypes - is a sophisticated society with high level of diversity across the class, ideologies, life styles etc. Therefore surviving of this historical entity requires a set of cultural trait, which fascinates social interactions ...
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The Iranian society- despite wishes or some ideals or in a controversy way stereotypes - is a sophisticated society with high level of diversity across the class, ideologies, life styles etc. Therefore surviving of this historical entity requires a set of cultural trait, which fascinates social interactions across the diversity. This article based on Bakhtin and Bauman theoretical view, concerns on the imaginization of each other through Reformist and Pricipalist political blocs. Through thematic analyses, it studies a sample of websites of two main wings of Iranian power field. The article looks to characterize the image of “self” and “other” that is created through political websites. The main questions are how they represent other and self. This is important if we want to problemize the dialogue in Iran. The results show that this way of narrative can not be a proper abscess for understanding the other as a key needs for Iranian circumstance. it almost shows a “bearable other” which can bear for our dignity not its deserved. In other word not for their right or merit but for their generosity.
Masoumeh Shafiei; Fardin Alikhah
Abstract
In new social theories, space is a social product that all pillars of society is involved in it s production. Therefore, like other social products, power can be involved in its construction and administration and it can be said that space is the intersection point of power. Gender segregation in public ...
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In new social theories, space is a social product that all pillars of society is involved in it s production. Therefore, like other social products, power can be involved in its construction and administration and it can be said that space is the intersection point of power. Gender segregation in public spaces is one of the political technologies of power that aim to control and manage urban spaces. Following the ideas of Foucault, the main issue of this paper is resistance that is formed against power exercising through gender segregation of public spaces. In addition to Foucault, to illustrate the angels of power exercising through space, the theory of Henri Lefebvre was considered and finally to clarify the importance of gender, implicit in this issue, Judith Butler is referred. Qualitative research method and specifically observation and interview were used to answer the research questions. Here we study the lived experiences of 16 female students from public universities in Tehran. According to the findings, the implementation of disciplinary techniques of space at the level of universities has not created an obedient subject who merely consumes the space. But, a creative and active space consumer is formed that scramble to meet her demands in public spaces.
Hasan Bashir; Mohammad Reza Rohani
Abstract
Increasing presence of Islam all over the world is an undeniable truth, and not only Muslims, but also other people endorse this truth. In the USA, like other countries, a Muslim minority has appeared which is in interaction, or even in confrontation, with the hegemonic majority. Among the intercultural ...
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Increasing presence of Islam all over the world is an undeniable truth, and not only Muslims, but also other people endorse this truth. In the USA, like other countries, a Muslim minority has appeared which is in interaction, or even in confrontation, with the hegemonic majority. Among the intercultural communication’s theorists, Mark Orbe and Regina Spellers study this interaction or confrontation in their theory of co-culture. Thus, applying phenomenology and theory of “the silent group” and theory of “point of view”, one can study Muslim agents’ behavior as a co-cultural group confronting the hegemonic group which is hierarchically in the high level of identity. In such a condition, American Muslims have applied a special communication strategy, both in relation with each other and with the dominant structure. This may occurred either as complete conformity with the dominant condition, or as insulation, or as cambium interaction; all depending on the historical experiments and deep interactions.
Seyyed Mahmoud Nejati Hosseini
Volume 8, Issue 1 , May 2015, , Pages 97-129
Abstract
What does “death” mean? How death is even understood? How do we face with the death of the self and dying of the other in the moment of sealed and inevitable fate? These are existential questions which are as old as humanity life. In this sense and in other words, in order to have a meaningful ...
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What does “death” mean? How death is even understood? How do we face with the death of the self and dying of the other in the moment of sealed and inevitable fate? These are existential questions which are as old as humanity life. In this sense and in other words, in order to have a meaningful life, we need a meaningful and of course right confrontation with death of the self and dying of the other. In this respect, this is culture that provides the epistemic and existential structures for developing a meaningful life in the world, so I, You and S/He will be able to face with such a social and cultural existential event. It is obvious that the power supply of this development is indeed the cultural narratives of death and dying, and science, religion and mysticism are their representatives. Science is the representative of the secular culture, and religion is the representative of the religious culture and mysticism is also the representative of the spiritual culture. Using specific questions, the article seeks to explore this narrative through three texts (scientific, religious, and literary one): A) What cultural signs and social works have been used in the secular text of social theory of death to describe “death of the self and dying of the other”? B) What religious signs and the epistemic and existential works have been used in the religious text of Nahj al-Balagha to describe “death of the self and dying of the other”? C) What epistemic signs and the conscience - existential works have been used in the literary text of Masnavi-I Ma'navi to describe “death of the self and dying of the other”?
Jalil fathabadi
Abstract
The main objective of the present research the exploration Tehran University's faculty views about new regulations promotion and add a material change in activities of cultural - educational - social. The method of this research is mixed method, that quantitative phase of the type of survey. The sample ...
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The main objective of the present research the exploration Tehran University's faculty views about new regulations promotion and add a material change in activities of cultural - educational - social. The method of this research is mixed method, that quantitative phase of the type of survey. The sample in qualitative phase include 34 individuals and quantitative phase include 250 of faculty members from six Universities of Tehran, Shahid Beheshti, Kharazmi, Tarbiat Modares, Alameh-Tabatabai, and Sharif that in qualitative phase by using convenient sampling and in quantitative phase by using purposive sampling Were selected. To do research on the qualitative phase of semi-structured interviews and 8 open-ended questions and in quantitative phase questionnaire consisting of 35 questions and 3 sections: 1. Views and opinions 2. Operational issues, and 3. Suggestions have been used. In general we can say that faculty members to the necessity of its faculty and universities cultural issues they believe, However, these activities should be done by whom and in what manner, how should be evaluated together and with Cultural Affairs in Higher Education planners have differences in opinion. In the opinion of faculty members, the perspective of cultural and educational activities, as well as faculty teaching and research and opinion latent within the many cultural activities in education and training is indivisible.
Women Studies
M. Shahryari; A. Navah
Abstract
The relationship between the rationalization of social relations and individual freedoms is one of the main themes of sociology. The purpose of this study is to identify the inclination and desire of couples in a legal process to be separated that have been either hidden in divorced families or have ...
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The relationship between the rationalization of social relations and individual freedoms is one of the main themes of sociology. The purpose of this study is to identify the inclination and desire of couples in a legal process to be separated that have been either hidden in divorced families or have been discussed less. This is qualitative research which has been conducted using a phenomenological approach and targeted sampling (snowball) strategies. The required data were 20 couples at risk of divorce to the saturation level and analyzed using semi-structured interviews as well as the content analysis method. After extracting important sentences and words from the interview text, 213 primary codes were taken out, which according to the purpose and question of the research are classified into four major themes: macro, medium, micro and interactive. According to research findings, there is a danger of daily love and suppression of romance, fading of love scenario, fantasy and sexual imaginations, change of desire in fantasy and the emergence of another great, fantasized and distorted love, duality of love and fantasy, selfishness and transition to hegemonic femininity. In general, the findings show that divorce does not lead to a sudden relationship break; rather examining the experience structure of the participants indicates that the dimensions of divorce are systematic, with rotational context and the marriage process formation.
