Ali Jafari; Mohammad Mehdi Esmaeili
Abstract
The changes of women veil in Iran after the Islamic Revolution and examining its cultural, social, political and economic aspects and outcomes is very important and has turned into a hot issue for cultural studies on veil in the Islamic Republic of Iran. "Chador' as an outstanding type of women veil ...
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The changes of women veil in Iran after the Islamic Revolution and examining its cultural, social, political and economic aspects and outcomes is very important and has turned into a hot issue for cultural studies on veil in the Islamic Republic of Iran. "Chador' as an outstanding type of women veil in Iran has been affected b general trends of these changes and considerable parts of public culture and media atmosphere of Iran specially I RIB and cinema have represented these recent transformations. Although a great part of Iranian women actions on Chador take place in its traditional and classical form , considering these kinds of changes in the sign and function of Chador for some parts of social body and media representations of this veil makes this phenomenon very important and sensitive for cultural studies of dress and veil in Iran. This article has studied some degrees of semiotic, functional and semantic changes of chador hijab in I RIB series. Through 4 focus group interviews with 15 academic and seminarian women dressing traditional and classical Chador, this study analyzed the recent IRIB constructions of Chador dressing women and girls" which describes the wide functional and semantic transformations of Chador representation in IRIB dramatic programs. Thus some media and cultural malfunctions are observed in these progI'3rIlS and Chador hijab has degraded to an attractive and flashy "cape".
Higher Education
Firouzeh Asghari; Mohammad Ali Nemati
Abstract
One of the most important objectives of academic research is to meet the scientific needs of society. The important factor that contributes to the establishment of trust and values with in order to provide stakeholders with academic research and its results is the scientific quality of research. PhD ...
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One of the most important objectives of academic research is to meet the scientific needs of society. The important factor that contributes to the establishment of trust and values with in order to provide stakeholders with academic research and its results is the scientific quality of research. PhD thesis, carried out by students and requiring a lot of time and money, constitute a considerable percentage of the research conducted at universities. The present study aims to identify the challenges of “the quality of PhD thesis” in Iran from the viewpoint of professors and students, as two major components in doing research in doctoral programs. This is a phenomenological research study, and the data collected through interviews with professors and students in doctoral programs is analyzed on the concept of “value chain”. The findings of the study indicate that the challenge of the quality of PhD thesis involves a multiple, multilayered interconnection of elements (students, professors, managers and policy-makers), organizational structure, procedures, rules and other environmental actors. In addition, a powerful and fast-moving current has developed between these layers, which is both affecting them and affected by them. There are instances of un-academic behaviors that have marred the scientific identity of universities and turned into a major challenge to the quality of doctoral thesis in Iran.
Women Studies
M. Farahmand; F. Foruzandeh
Abstract
Social deprivation is a fact that some people are so much more exposed than others. But among them, demographic groups of single girls in rural areas are those who are severely affected by social Deprivation. So this research investigates the social deprivation of Zabol's rural girls and the related ...
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Social deprivation is a fact that some people are so much more exposed than others. But among them, demographic groups of single girls in rural areas are those who are severely affected by social Deprivation. So this research investigates the social deprivation of Zabol's rural girls and the related factors by a sociological view. Theoretical framework of research is the theories of Giddens, Zebra, Granovetter, and Bloomberg. The used method is the Servey technique and the data are collected by the research-made and standard questionnaire. 384 people were selected as samples based on the Cochran formula and by multistage cluster sampling proportional with PPS size. To measure reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used. Social deprivation is examined by six dimensions of deprivation including deprivation of marriage, social communication, social participation, education, leisure time and mentality. The greatest deprivation was observed in the area of marriage deprivation and the least deprivation in the area of leisure deprivation. Findings of the research indicated that there is a meaningful relationship between variables of parents, traditional attitude, gender discrimination, available social and economic resources, Education, Income and social deprivation. Among these variables, rural fatalism variable and parents' traditional attitude variable plays the most significant role in clarifying the social deprivation. The results of the regression analysis indicated that the independent variables introduced in the regression model could predicate 36 percent of the dependent variable variance.
Mohammad Javad Javid; Farima Jamali
Abstract
Cotemporary public law in Iran cannot ignore the elements of its identity in the past. Although analysis of public law issue in ancient Iran, the most researchers to be considered so it is not easy to speak about separation of powers, the part of the body of public law in the Iran primary governments ...
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Cotemporary public law in Iran cannot ignore the elements of its identity in the past. Although analysis of public law issue in ancient Iran, the most researchers to be considered so it is not easy to speak about separation of powers, the part of the body of public law in the Iran primary governments but this article constants on hypothesis which with think and assimilation in history of ancient Iran which can laying the groundwork of strengthening people rights and limitation of authority's governors with emphasis on three periods of governorship on ancient Iran .for example Hakhamaneshian, Ashkanian and Sasanian. This article intent to clear haw can in these periods, the primary figure and foundation of separation of powers and functions division in body of previous governments of Iran to be observed.
Intercultural Communications
Amir Rastegar Khaled; Masood Salmani Bidgoli Salmani Bidgoli
Abstract
The article investigates different forms of acculturation (integration, ethnic, national and diffuse) and adaptation (psychological and sociocultural) and their relations among Kurdish youth. The research uses survey methods. Research census is people between ages 18 and 29 in Kermanshah and Javanroud ...
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The article investigates different forms of acculturation (integration, ethnic, national and diffuse) and adaptation (psychological and sociocultural) and their relations among Kurdish youth. The research uses survey methods. Research census is people between ages 18 and 29 in Kermanshah and Javanroud cities in Kermanshah province. To analyze the data we used a person approach (cluster analysis) and variable approach (explanatory factor analysis and path analysis). We refer to the resulting clusters as acculturation profiles: an ethnic profile (including 30% of the sample), a national profile (24.5%), an integration profile (34.5%), and a diffuse profile (11%). Path analysis results that a combined involvement in the national and the ethnic cultures is associated with more positive adaptation outcomes. We found that the effect of ethnic orientation on psychological adaptation was stronger than the one on sociocultural adaptation. Also we found that national orientation did not have a stronger impact on sociocultural adaptation than ethnic orientation.
Mohammad Saeed Zokaei
Abstract
AbstractCultural turn in contemporary society has undoubtedly turned culture into a major arena for the production and representation of social gaps and inequalities. The interplay of inequalities in access to the capitals and urban life has rarely been a topic for systematic empirical ...
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AbstractCultural turn in contemporary society has undoubtedly turned culture into a major arena for the production and representation of social gaps and inequalities. The interplay of inequalities in access to the capitals and urban life has rarely been a topic for systematic empirical studies in Iran. Relying on a large scale representative survey recently conducted in Tehran, this paper aims to reveal the unequal distribution of cultural capital in Tehran and also to reveal the mechanisms the residents employ both to produce and to display cultural capital. The findings while clarifying the prospects of inequalities in different dimensions of urban cultural capital, highlight the ways cultural capital both affects and is affected by urban [physical] spaces and urban life. This conclusion while uncovering some of the inadequacies related to current cultural capital literature, offers new concepts and spheres by which social inequalities can be conceived in the context of Iranian society.
Mohammad Fazeli
Abstract
Most of the theories argue that the main functions of universities in the contemporary is to promote culture, to train participative citizen as well as specialists. Consumption of cultural products is one of the significant ways of promoting cultural capital and of getting prepared to accept them some ...
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Most of the theories argue that the main functions of universities in the contemporary is to promote culture, to train participative citizen as well as specialists. Consumption of cultural products is one of the significant ways of promoting cultural capital and of getting prepared to accept them some intended roles. The study is to xamine, through the degree of Iranian students cultural consumption, to what extent the current degree of cultural consumption could prepare them to be active, participative, and awared citizen. Also, according to the theory of life style and intergenerational transmission of cultural capital, some insights are presented on the Future of the consumption of caltural products in Iranian society.
Fatemeh Jamili Kohneh Shahri; Zeinab Nadi
Abstract
Interpretation of world and its phenomena from views of a specific group (such as men) cannot be a factual interpretation of world and its phenomena. Feminine viewpoint provides the possibility of watching and interpretation of new, different or ignored phenomena from men's viewpoint. In present study ...
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Interpretation of world and its phenomena from views of a specific group (such as men) cannot be a factual interpretation of world and its phenomena. Feminine viewpoint provides the possibility of watching and interpretation of new, different or ignored phenomena from men's viewpoint. In present study we selected a feminine viewpoint for discovering the origin of duality issue, as a main issue in different social, political, cultural, medical and even economical areas, and followed this specific view in the dimensions of history; the main question of this study is: What kinds of cultural and sociological duality are there among Iranians of era of three Qajar kings (Naseredin Shah, Mohammad Ali Shah, and Ahmad Shah) from viewpoints of English female itinerary writers? This study has tried to answer the mentioned question using typology approach, theory of Morton about kinds of psychological and sociological duality, and techniques of historical investigation and content analysis. The result of this study shows 5 kinds of cultural and social duality among Iranians from viewpoint of English female travelers.
Cultural Studies
M. Rezaie; A. Kazemi; H. Taheri Kia
Abstract
After 1979 Islamic revolution, from April 20 to 22, 1980 universities in Tehran, Tabriz and some other cities, experienced an outstanding political juncture. Active collegiate political groups were compelled to surrender their rooms and offices, and leave the universities’ campus. Accordingly, ...
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After 1979 Islamic revolution, from April 20 to 22, 1980 universities in Tehran, Tabriz and some other cities, experienced an outstanding political juncture. Active collegiate political groups were compelled to surrender their rooms and offices, and leave the universities’ campus. Accordingly, universities and cities were the scene of bloody clashes. As a matter of fact, university as the fortress of freedom, resistance and revolution against Pahlavi was about to change its revolutionary identity and to adapt new role of an engaged proponent of Islamic regime. Concerning to Badiou’s concept of empty space and Delousian Rhizomatic analysis, we study related news and pictures of related newspapers. Concludingly, we demonstrate the set of relations in which Islamic university renovates. Also, we illustrate how the universities, on the one hand, acted as an agent and a mechanism for de-centering the revolutionary characteristic, and remaining this “Holy Place”, in Ayatollah Khomeini’s word, as a permanent Islamic partisan of new born political regime, simultanouly.
Mohammad Reza Dehshiri
Abstract
First of all, the present study would explain 6-layer dimensions of culture –including beliefs, values, and norms (as the core of culture), and symbols, rituals, and customs, technologies, skills, and innovations (as the culture surface). Then, applying communication theories besides exploring ...
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First of all, the present study would explain 6-layer dimensions of culture –including beliefs, values, and norms (as the core of culture), and symbols, rituals, and customs, technologies, skills, and innovations (as the culture surface). Then, applying communication theories besides exploring the concept of “culture-building” involving culture-admission (affecting both core and surface of culture) and culture-orientation (affecting culture’s surface); it would analyze the cultural affects media has in thoughts, normalizing, symbolizing, socialization, modeling, and innovation. The assessed hypothesis emphasizes that in the core of culture, media play an educational and stabilizing role in culture-admission process, while in the surface of culture –the culture-orientation process- they could transform behaviors and social models.
Social Sciences and Communications
H. Khaniki; F. Noorirad
Abstract
Dialogue as an important communication action, is one of the topics that has been less addressed in the field of communication science and most of the research has been done in the area of mass communication. Meanwhile, doing research in the field of human and interpersonal communication with a case-by-case ...
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Dialogue as an important communication action, is one of the topics that has been less addressed in the field of communication science and most of the research has been done in the area of mass communication. Meanwhile, doing research in the field of human and interpersonal communication with a case-by-case perspective and a qualitative method that seeks to understand and describe a pure reality, is noteworthy in the field of communications science research. Therefore, in this research, we intend to study the class interactions in dialogical oriented sessions to clarify the structure, dimensions and components of the inquiry based dialogue. Conversation analysis studies the order/organization/orderliness of social actions, particularly those which are located in everyday interaction, in discursive practices, in the sayings/ tellings /doings of members of society. Therefore, one of the main results of conversational analysis is to identify this system with chain patterns, which builds structure upon oral behaviors during the interaction. The classroom conversational analysis shows that the overall structure of these conversations is forwarding, which means that when an idea is expressed in response to a question, participants are required to respond to an "agreement" or "opposition" to that idea. This reaction often leads to the correction and completion of the initial idea or clarification of it. People interconnect between the ideas proposed and say their inference from the discussion process. This kind of dialogue requires not only good intellectual stances, but also a commitment to results and rational orientation.
Sociology
Zia Hashemi; Mohammad Rezaeie; Sepideh Akbarpouran
Abstract
The current tedious and exhausting conditions of schools make it necessary to adopt policies toward increasing happiness and esprit. Providing of a clear and common understanding of happiness is a prerequisite for the success of such policies. Given the current ambiguity and lack of such an understanding, ...
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The current tedious and exhausting conditions of schools make it necessary to adopt policies toward increasing happiness and esprit. Providing of a clear and common understanding of happiness is a prerequisite for the success of such policies. Given the current ambiguity and lack of such an understanding, this article concentrates on extracting “meaning/meanings of happiness in the semantic structure of the educational System”. For this purpose, we have used Laclau and Mouffe’s theoretical basis and frame the meaning structure of the education system as a “discourse” in which meaning of each signifier is only defined in relation with other signifiers and particularly master-signifiers. We gathered our information by analyzing existing organizational documents and also by utilizing semi-structured interviews. The results indicate that in the semantic system of the education system, there are one dominant and two temporary meanings for happiness. In the dominant meaning, happiness can both work toward perfection or becomes a barrier in front of it. Regarding temporary meanings, one of them is about motion and physical activities and the other is about physical characteristics of school. None of these meanings is completely consolidated. As a consequence, the ruling meaning structure could not stabilize any clear and unified meaning for happiness. These ambiguities at semantic level lead to confusion and conflicting performances at the policy-making level.
Higher Education
Seyed Hadi Marjaei; fatemeh gholamrezakashi
Abstract
This paper tries to study the status of tendency toward drug and alcohol abuse among university students and makes a comparison between native (from Tehran) and non-native (from other parts of Iran) who stay in dorms. This study is a secondary analysis which uses previous data from other grand researches ...
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This paper tries to study the status of tendency toward drug and alcohol abuse among university students and makes a comparison between native (from Tehran) and non-native (from other parts of Iran) who stay in dorms. This study is a secondary analysis which uses previous data from other grand researches that have been done among different universities in Tehran. According to the data based on these researches (Serajzade, 2002) and (Serajzade, ET, al. 2001) the eminence of native and non-native student are compared and analyzed. In this study the data is analyzed using SPSS through variety of tests such as T-test, Variation analysis, correlations and so on. The results show that among 28 indicators of different pathological problems relating to drug abuse, non-native students are more involved with drugs in 13 indicators while native students are more engage in 8 indicators and there are 7 indicators that engage both groups equally.
Computer Games
A. Nasrollahi; M. Mehrabi; F. Sharifi
Abstract
After September 11th incident, most of digital game developers commenced developing a variety of games with war theme. These games were inducing U.S. diplomatic and western attitudes toward players. Most of these games are about war and they include attractive designs and interactive features to immerse ...
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After September 11th incident, most of digital game developers commenced developing a variety of games with war theme. These games were inducing U.S. diplomatic and western attitudes toward players. Most of these games are about war and they include attractive designs and interactive features to immerse players; however, these games are transmitting political and ideological attitudes. The sales amount and audience of these games increased gradually in global scale which led to popularity among gamers in the past two decades. This paper is a qualitative analysis with meta-synthesis research method. In this method, after searching, we select 22 related papers among dimestic and international qualitative research in political and war digital games field. The criteria of classification in our research is based on opinion holders that the findings are coded in each class. Theoretical framework of this paper includes Cultural Imperialism and Orientalism approaches. The results of this research confirm that digital games, specifically action and first-person shooting genres with war theme are like enormous powerful media and diplomatic tools in the hands of game companies which are utilized to transmit their political messages to domestic and international players (audience), in order to orient their political, ideological and cultural attitudes, reproduce race, ethnic and religious stereotypes, and perpetuate inverse representation of East.
Sociology
A. Nazari; M. Yazdanpanah
Abstract
The nomadic structure of the Qashqai tribe has an ancient history that has continued for nomadic life. The system had its own administrative political organization, which was shaped by nomadic living conditions and nomadic. At the head of this tribal system, there was a monk named Ilkhani, from the beginning ...
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The nomadic structure of the Qashqai tribe has an ancient history that has continued for nomadic life. The system had its own administrative political organization, which was shaped by nomadic living conditions and nomadic. At the head of this tribal system, there was a monk named Ilkhani, from the beginning of the formation of the Qashqai tribe, from the time of the Safavids, in the hands of a family called Shahilo. The main question of the present article is that what was the social political structure in Qashqai and how has the legitimizing mechanisms been implemented? The hypothesis of the article is that the social structure of the Qashqai tribe has been hierarchically in response to the needs of the tribe, and the structure of power in it is not necessarily based on the violence of the rulers of the tribe, but based on symbols, rituals and customs was in tribe. Therefore, the distinction between current research and this paper based on the theoretical framework of violence or symbolic domination, we study of the mechanisms and components of the legitimacy of the power of the leaders and attempt to study the subject from the perspective of historical sociology.
Intercultural Communications
A. Abbaszadeh; H. Bashir; S.M. Emami
Abstract
The hymn "Salam Farmandeh" was a phenomenon that was reproduced in at least 35 copies in different languages and dialects less than a year after its first launch in Iran. From the perspective of an intercultural communication that can be seen as a cultural phenomenon, this anthem was also reproduced ...
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The hymn "Salam Farmandeh" was a phenomenon that was reproduced in at least 35 copies in different languages and dialects less than a year after its first launch in Iran. From the perspective of an intercultural communication that can be seen as a cultural phenomenon, this anthem was also reproduced in the language of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The aim of this research is to investigate the comparative discourse analysis of Persian and Turkish versions with an intercultural communication approach. The data analysis is based on two methods of semiotics and discourse. The theoretical framework of the research is based on the theories of diffusion and, identity negotiation. The findings show that this hymn, in general, is understood and reproduced outside the borders of Iran, especially for Shia minorities in the Caucasus, as a manifestation of a cultural resistance against the globalized western culture. The discourse governing the Turkish version is formed around three basic aspects: "Introducing Imam Zaman (AS) to the youth", "Actively waiting for his reappearance “and "Building the future of Azerbaijan, according to its religious identity". In comparing the Turkish version with the Persian one, the two basic meanings of "introducing Imam Zaman to teenagers" and "actively waiting for the appearance of Imam Zaman" were repeated, around which the discourse of the Persian version was also formed.
Bahman Zandi; Mahdi Samai; Massoud Shahbazi
Abstract
The present study is an attempt to study the bumper stickers in Tehran and Ardabil. Although the bumper stickers have potential to be a subject of study in different fields, there hasn't been any scientific study about them in Iran yet, and the studies done up to now be limited just to collecting and ...
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The present study is an attempt to study the bumper stickers in Tehran and Ardabil. Although the bumper stickers have potential to be a subject of study in different fields, there hasn't been any scientific study about them in Iran yet, and the studies done up to now be limited just to collecting and grouping the stickers. This study is looking to this phenomenon from a linguistic perspective. In this study we consider the type of symbols used in bumper stickers, the type of wittings, subject-matter of stickers, the effect of vehicles' type on the subject-matter of stickers, the tendency of stickers towards a special identity and the tendency of stickers with proper noun subject-matter to a special gender. The results of studying ten thousand stickers from Tehran and Ardabil show that bumper stickers in these two cities mostly use linguistic symbols, and they are mostly written in Persian language. In both cities the type of vehicles is effective on the stickers' subject-matter, and the stickers have a high tendency towards religious subject-matter. Also the stickers have tendency towards national-Islamic identity. Proper nouns in stickers have a tendency towards male names in both cities.
Sociology
S.H. Nabavi; T. Moradi Nasari
Abstract
Suicide is one of the important problems the prevalence of which has brought about a crisis in Ilam province. Numerous studies have been carried out, but have not adequately addressed the cultural causes (meaning). Hence, the main issue in the present research is what is the meaning of suicide among ...
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Suicide is one of the important problems the prevalence of which has brought about a crisis in Ilam province. Numerous studies have been carried out, but have not adequately addressed the cultural causes (meaning). Hence, the main issue in the present research is what is the meaning of suicide among the people of Ilam? To achieve the response, the strong program approach in the cultural sociology of Alexander and Smith was used. The method is of a qualitative kind; it is based on the "strong program". In this research, due to the subject and the conditions, purposive sampling was used. The sample includes all individuals who have had suicide attempts (unsuccessful) in the province during the period from September to December 2014, or relatives of those who have committed suicide. Data collection techniques, included observation and interviews with either people who had committed suicide some of their relatives. The data was supplemented through interviews with hospital personnel, university professors, researchers and informant individuals, referring to articles and publications; news reports and press releases; sites and weblogs; as well as proverbs, poems, etc. The results show that in Ilam society, suicide is a symbol of the objection against the status quo and is codified as evil. There are two main narratives about suicide: fatalism and salvation. Through analyzing the symbols, codes and narratives of suicide, it is understood that suicide is thought to be a way the person is recognized.
Hossein Afrasiabi; Yasin Khorrampour
Abstract
Universalism in the context of information and communication technology has lead to fading of the boundaries of time and place.This process is allowed to enter a new era called postmodernism. Postmodernism has challenged modern characteristics such as reason and progress. The cultures of postmodern societies ...
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Universalism in the context of information and communication technology has lead to fading of the boundaries of time and place.This process is allowed to enter a new era called postmodernism. Postmodernism has challenged modern characteristics such as reason and progress. The cultures of postmodern societies are surface and moving that is greatly influenced by media. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between universalism and cultural postmodernism among Youth in city of Yazd. Research method was survey and sample contained 384 youth aged 16-29 in city of Yazd. Sampling method was random stratified multistageand data collected by a researcher designed questionnaire. Results showed that there is a significant relationship between universalism and cultural postmodernism. There was a significant relationship between transnational norms of universalism with other aspects of cultural postmodernism, except consumerism. Multiple regression results showed that two dimensions of universalism explain 22 percent of cultural postmodern variance.
Masoud Kousari; Farid Azizi; Hamid Azizi
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the representation of women in the advertisement of Persil washing powder. This qualitative study is based on the semiotics method in order to decode the cultural stereotypes in the advertisement of Persil washing powder. The results showed that the representation ...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the representation of women in the advertisement of Persil washing powder. This qualitative study is based on the semiotics method in order to decode the cultural stereotypes in the advertisement of Persil washing powder. The results showed that the representation of women in advertisements is often associated with a set of cultural stereotypical pictures and images. In fact, despite the intended policies to eliminate cultural stereotypical images in advertisements, they are still full of pictures and images showing women are subordinate to men. In the advertisement women are represented as those, who don’t have their own identity and are always in need of paternal- men’s support. Results showed that female identity is always a reflection of prevalent stereotypes in Iranian society. In terms of these stereotypes, women belong to the home and its environment, and the stereotypes seek to intensify relations with media images. In a real word, the media are in the wake of naturalizing the constructed relations by the cultural codes in the society.
Seyed Mahdi Alhosseini Almodarresi; Fatemeh Mohammadi; Houshmand Bagheri Gara Bolagh; Mostafa Keshavarz Molayi
Abstract
Among the factors that are necessary to facilitate the consumer’s daily life with high mental involvement, fashion clothing is an important and significant factor for many consumers. According to the importance of the subject, this research reviewed the effect of religion, materialism and demographic ...
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Among the factors that are necessary to facilitate the consumer’s daily life with high mental involvement, fashion clothing is an important and significant factor for many consumers. According to the importance of the subject, this research reviewed the effect of religion, materialism and demographic features of the consumer on mental involvement in fashion clothing among citizens of Yazd. Confirmatory factor analysis method has been applied in analytical statistics of this research to determine the role and position of each one of the research elements by using Amos software. Correlation test has been used in order to review the relations between fashion clothing involvement and its dimensions, and linear regression test in order to determine the effect manner of involvement in fashion clothing and mental knowledge on confidence in fashion decision making. The statistical population includes all the individuals above 20 years old in Yazd City; the sample size was calculated 99 individuals by using Cochran formula. The research results showed that religion and materialism have significant effect on mental involvement in fashion clothing and involvement has a positive and significant effect on fashion decision making confidence. Furthermore, mental involvements in fashion clothing and mental knowledge have a positive and significant effect on fashion decision making confidence and it was specified in the reviewing of the relation between demographic factors (sex, age,…) and the studied variables that the correlation between them was not significant even in the confidence level of 95 percent.
Mohsen Golparvar; Mohammadali Nadi
Abstract
This research conducted with the aim of investigating the relationships between overall fairness and cultural values with organizational justice, job satisfaction and turnover among the personnel of training and education administrations in Esfahan city. Statistical population were the personnel of education ...
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This research conducted with the aim of investigating the relationships between overall fairness and cultural values with organizational justice, job satisfaction and turnover among the personnel of training and education administrations in Esfahan city. Statistical population were the personnel of education and training administrations regions, which 309 persons from them selected with using simple random sampling. Research instruments were overall fairness with 3 items, cultural values (in two fields including materialism and power distance with 8 items), distributive, procedural and interactional justice with 3,3,3 items respectively, job satisfaction with 3 items and turnover with 3 items. Data were analyzed with using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, structural equation modeling, moderated hierarchical regression and mediating regression analysis. Results showed that there are significant relations between overall fairness with distributive, procedural, interactional justice and turnover, job satisfaction and materialism (P<0.01) but there is not significant relation between power distance with overall fairness (P>0.05). The results of structural equation modeling and mediating regression analysis showed that overall fairness relatively mediate the relations between procedural justices with turnover. But there was not mediated role for overall fairness in relations between distributive and interactional fairness with turnover and job satisfaction. Moderated regression analysis showed that power distance likely have moderated role in relations between overall fairness with turnover likely.
Educational Sciences, Psychology, Behavioral Sciences and Physical Education
M. Dasta; O. Shokri; Sh. Pakdaman; J. Fathabadi
Abstract
The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate, explore and explain the characteristics, features and components attributed to the notion of wisdom in Iran. To this end, the explicit theory of wisdom, i.e. individuals’ perceptions of wisdom, was used. All above-20 years old Iranians comprised ...
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The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate, explore and explain the characteristics, features and components attributed to the notion of wisdom in Iran. To this end, the explicit theory of wisdom, i.e. individuals’ perceptions of wisdom, was used. All above-20 years old Iranians comprised the population of the study. Following purposeful and convenience sampling procedures, 328 Iranians (134 males and 194 females) coming from different ethnic backgrounds (Persians, Azerbaijani Turks, Kurds, Arabs, the Turkmen, Lurs and the Baluch) were selected and required to answer a researcher-developed open-ended questionnaire followed by content analysis of data. Findings suggested/indicated that for %94.2 of the participants, exemplars of wise people are male with an average age of 62.9. Also, 27.9%, 20.1%, 19.15% and 12.6% of wisdom exemplars came from religious figures/leaders, people-around-me, experts/specialists and social-political figures respectively. Five main/major categories/themes of wisdom were ‘intellectuality’, ‘morality’, ‘civilization’, ‘performance’ and ‘virtue/spirituality’. Further analyses of components and categories revealed that of all characteristics/features attributed to wisdom, %37.05 were associated with intellectuality, %26.5 with performance, %18.6 with morality, %8.01 with civilization and %4.4 with spirituality. Findings are used to argue that ‘wisdom’ in Iranian society and for Iranians in general is a hybrid/combination of Western (rooted in cognition and intellectuality) and Eastern (based on socio-affective propositions and spirituality) doctrines of wisdom.
Hamid Ebadollahi
Abstract
While focusing on the teleological matters, most of the studies about the roots of disorder and anarchy in Iran attempt to explain the “present” obstacles against order of law; the present study aims to analyze the structural-historical conditions affecting the “possibility and impossibility ...
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While focusing on the teleological matters, most of the studies about the roots of disorder and anarchy in Iran attempt to explain the “present” obstacles against order of law; the present study aims to analyze the structural-historical conditions affecting the “possibility and impossibility of the order of law in Iran”. In the former studies, “Iran’s history” is inversely applied in order to explain the present situation of society. Instead of interpreting the determining social structures in the history, such studies attempts to understand “contemporary Iran”. Furthermore, applying comparative-fundamentalist method, they base their analysis on the economic or political conditions of the matter. However, the present study claims that the general theory of social transformation –either the Marxian or Weberian- -that is produced approaching western medieval societies- could not explain roots of disorder and anarchy in Iran. Instead, applying a structuralist model, and focusing on “articulation” in analysis, the present study aims to explore the historical obstacles against the order of law in the history of Iran (rather than western medieval history). Thus, it claims that the main root of “disorder in the history of Iran” is the governing system of political, martial, and economic management in Iran.
Mohammad Baqer Khorramshad; Ali Adami
Abstract
Islamic Revolution and the consequent Islamic state in Iran have revived Iranian-Islamic civilization’s discourse in a modern form which is rooted in both Iranian and Islamic ancient civilizations. Post-revolutionary Iran, as an obviously determinant country in this civilizational field, which ...
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Islamic Revolution and the consequent Islamic state in Iran have revived Iranian-Islamic civilization’s discourse in a modern form which is rooted in both Iranian and Islamic ancient civilizations. Post-revolutionary Iran, as an obviously determinant country in this civilizational field, which has developed the civilization in the modern era, necessarily has to think and act civilizationally in order to resist western Humanist and Materialist affects. Academy is the place within which knowledge, as clearly one of the most important foundations of civilization-building, is produced. Civilization-building is the horizon toward which Iranian Universities should orient themselves. Academy is the canon of science, knowledge, and culture, and therefore plays an affective role in the formation, development and flourishing of a civilization; and it could be said that University is the foundation on which civilization is built. In other words, University in the modern era is not only the site of education and research, but also as an epistemological basis, participates in the process of culture and civilization-building; the matter which this study attempts to elaborate. Thus, we attempt to explain and define the necessary tools and indicators in the process.
