Sociology
Mojtaba Babakhani; Asghar Eftekhari
Abstract
Culture is proposed as an important criterion in politics management which has been considered in various systems. althoughlots of cultural elements are forming gradually during the time and by the effect of different causes, one cannot ignore the role of government policies in organizing them. Therefore ...
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Culture is proposed as an important criterion in politics management which has been considered in various systems. althoughlots of cultural elements are forming gradually during the time and by the effect of different causes, one cannot ignore the role of government policies in organizing them. Therefore one of the important duties of government in Islamic society is to determine the principles and general policies in the scope of managing the culture of society. The cultural principles and policies of Islamic Republic of Iran, that are formed based on Islamic thoughts, of course should be designed and drawn upon these thoughts. Accordingly, the main question of the current research is that: what are the ruling principles in the cultural policy-making of Iran’s society? According to the operational approach of the researchers, Imam Khomeini’s theory has been chosen as the base of the research. For this purpose, the content analysis method is used to study his most important speeches in this realm and we have tried to represent a model in which explains the most important cultural policy-making principles in the view of Imam Khomeini.
Sociology
M. Azadbakht; A. Fahimiar; M.R. Tajik
Abstract
Color in its essence is not only color but a symbol of language, message, significance, art, power, resistance, and politics. In other words, color is a visual, communicative, and perceptual element that can stimulate or alleviate people's emotions and inner self, and change and direct their speeches ...
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Color in its essence is not only color but a symbol of language, message, significance, art, power, resistance, and politics. In other words, color is a visual, communicative, and perceptual element that can stimulate or alleviate people's emotions and inner self, and change and direct their speeches and behavior. In the teachings of religions as well as intellectual and political discourses, color has been used as a symbol or distinguishing factor, and hence, different and conflicting representations and readings of color and its linguistic and transcendental meanings have been presented. Among these abundant implications, the current paper through an analytical approach and using library resources focuses itself on the political implication of color, and taking into account the relations of color and politics as a hypothesis seeks to prove or disapprove the same with the notion that: Every colorlessness, when comes into contact with a symbolic or real color, becomes a political matter (with an essence of praise or antagonism). This article has two hidden goals: First, to cross the line of traditional definitions of politics and political matter, and design politics as an art, and vice versa (theoretical goal), and second, to acquaint political activists with a different language of politics, which can play a role both as the language of power and the language of resistance in our society today (practical goal).
Hasan Chavoshian; Seyed Javad Hosseini Rasht Abadi
Abstract
Change in social relations may challenge superiority of men over women; so men will need an ideology that reestablishes their superiority whenever such “crisis tendencies” happen. This ideology recommends an “Ideal Masculinity” and reestablishes “normal” pattern of ...
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Change in social relations may challenge superiority of men over women; so men will need an ideology that reestablishes their superiority whenever such “crisis tendencies” happen. This ideology recommends an “Ideal Masculinity” and reestablishes “normal” pattern of manhood. Rawean Connell dubs it as “Hegemonic masculinity” (HM) and believes that because of endless pressure of illegitimating factors, “HM” will be in change forever. By application of the Connell\'s theories and Weberian qualitative approach, first of all a “basic ideal type of masculinity” was constructed from encouraged religious-revolutionary values in the movies and propaganda of the first years after revolution; then masculine values which were celebrated and admired in the best seller movie of every year during 1979_2007, were compared by this “basic ideal type”. Comparison of the 32 concluded “ideal types” indicated that serious interruption took place in three years (1989, 1997, and 2002). Then ideal type of each era was constructed and was compared with each other. Results of this comparison approve Connell\'s theory about changeability of the HM in accordance with the social changes.
Social Sciences and Communications
Jamal Mohammadi; kamal khalegh Panah; Elahe Gholami
Abstract
BeeTalk is one of the most common social networks that have attracted many users during these years. As a whole, social networks are parts of everyday life nowadays and, especially among the new generation, have caused some basic alterations in the field of identity-formation, sense-making and the form ...
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BeeTalk is one of the most common social networks that have attracted many users during these years. As a whole, social networks are parts of everyday life nowadays and, especially among the new generation, have caused some basic alterations in the field of identity-formation, sense-making and the form and content of communication. This article is a research about BeeTalk users, their virtual interactions and experiences, and the feelings, pleasures, meanings and attitudes that they obtain through participating in the virtual world. This is a qualitative research. The sample is selected by way of theoretical sampling among the students of University of Kurdistan. Direct observation and semistructured interviews are used to gathering data, which are interpreted through grounded theory. The findings show that some contexts like “searching real interests in a non-real world” and “the representation of users’ voices in virtual space” have provided the space for participating in BeeTalk, and an intervening factor called “instant availability” has intensified this participation. Users’ participation in this social network has changed their social interaction in the real world and formed some new types of communication among them such as “representation of faked identities”, “experiencing ceremonial space” and “artificial literacy”. Moreover, this participation has some consequences like “virtual addiction” and “virtual collectivism” in users’ everyday life that effects their ways of providing meaning and identity in their social lives. It can be said that the result of user’s activity in this network is to begin a kind of simulated relation that has basic differences with relations in the real world. The experience of relation in this network lacks nobility, enrichment and animation, rather it is instant, artificial and without any potential to vitalization.
Social Sciences and Communications
H. Khaniki; S. Yahyayi
Abstract
This paper by introducing a new concept of "exteriorism" in media audience studies, intends to study the "exteriorists" who has been consciously boycott Iranian state TV. According to the authors, the experience of exteriorism is unique and different in any Countries and societies. This qualitative ...
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This paper by introducing a new concept of "exteriorism" in media audience studies, intends to study the "exteriorists" who has been consciously boycott Iranian state TV. According to the authors, the experience of exteriorism is unique and different in any Countries and societies. This qualitative study was conducted by using of In-depth interviews and within the methodological frameworks have studied the grounded theory. Data was collected through 29 semi-structured In-depth interviews. Upon completion of coding and categorizing interviews data in this methodology, presents a theoretical model about exteriorists of Iranian state television. This study aimed to identify perceptions within the meaning of exteriorists as a preface to pull them out, by considering 118 concepts through individual in-depth interviews that formed a theoretical analyzing. Based on results, three main typology of exteriorists experiences as follows; "Resistance and protestation", "Avoid of vulgarity" & "unhappiness of entertainment". Innovation in this paper is achieving recognition of the audience by negation logic & The authors believes that media policy making needed to same deep recognition like this.
Computer Games
Sh. Shafiee; H. Rostami; H. Afrouzeh; A. Ashouri
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using the sports video games on sports consumption. The research method was descriptive-survey and of applied type. The required information was also collected through a questionnaire. The statistical population of this study included all high ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using the sports video games on sports consumption. The research method was descriptive-survey and of applied type. The required information was also collected through a questionnaire. The statistical population of this study included all high school students including 3rd, 7th, 8th and 9th grade in city of Rasht. The research sample was 183 people. In this research, data were collected through the questionnaire and then analyzed with PLS2 software. The results of the research showed that the conceptual model of the research has a desirable fit (GOF= 0.41). Based on the results, there is a significant direct relationship between sports fan and using the sports video games (r = 0.49, t = 10.87), and between sports fan and sports consumption (r = 0.45, t= 9.77). Moreover, there is a significant indirect relationship between sports video games and sports consumption with the mediating role of sports fan (r = 0.41, t= 4.73). As a result, sports marketers should encourage sports video games as a strategy for increasing sports consumption, especially among those who are less known as sports fan.
Higher Education
R. Aghajari; A. Varij Kazemi; R. Mahoozi; M.R. Kolahi
Abstract
This article attempts to identify models, including the conceptual ones related to social responsibility of universities through the meta-analysis of researches conducted in this field in Iran, and then, by showing the shortcomings of these models, on the one hand, the fundamental principles governing ...
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This article attempts to identify models, including the conceptual ones related to social responsibility of universities through the meta-analysis of researches conducted in this field in Iran, and then, by showing the shortcomings of these models, on the one hand, the fundamental principles governing any form of conceptual formulation and on the other, alternative forms should be introduced that can realize the socially responsible university. This article focuses on the researches that were published in the last decade. In the first step, it tried to identify patterns based on the researches under review. Then, with a critical analysis, it was shown why it is necessary to go beyond the existing studies and think of alternative forms that can better formulate the responsibility of the university. In this research, three main forms of university, service-oriented (which itself is divided into two i.e. mission-oriented and citizen universities), and social university were identified based on the existing approaches in the study environment. These three forms were critically analyzed, so that the fourth form, i.e. ecological university could be introduced as a more socially-responsible alternative. Implicitly, we tried to show that the models and approaches have a fundamental role in shaping the research orientation, and thus the necessity of presenting alternative models because they create new theoretical and research possibilities. This research showed that without an ontological understanding, any form of social responsibility of the university can reduce aspects of the university in favor of preferred aspect (market or government); something that can be seen especially in Iranian academic researches on the social responsibility of the university. It is suggested that more attention needed to the ecological university as a specific alternative that Ronald Barnett had started to formulate.
Azam Ravadrad; Ali Hajimohammadi
Abstract
Communication technologies today are greatly developed to the extent that obtaining information from different parts of the world is no more only depended to real and physical traveling. People are now able to travel as far as they want and whenever they wish using cyberspace, while sitting at home. ...
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Communication technologies today are greatly developed to the extent that obtaining information from different parts of the world is no more only depended to real and physical traveling. People are now able to travel as far as they want and whenever they wish using cyberspace, while sitting at home. Tourism in this condition is no more dependent on time, place and financial planning. Two important questions raise here, first, can virtual tourism replace the real tourism and eliminate the need for it? Secondly, could cognition produced by the virtual tourism be the same as the cognition formed by the real tourism? To answer these questions, defining the characteristics of virtual and real tourism is needed. The main basis of this comparison is being in special place and an experimental sense of being in that place, in the real tourism, on one hand, and selectivity of places and receiving packaged information in the virtual tourism, on the other. This paper claims that although the virtual tourism could offer vast and complete information to the tourist, but in reality it lacks sense of being in place and lived experience. For these reasons, the obtained cognition is manipulated and unreal. Secondly, this type of tourism can be considered only as a complement to the real tourism. A tourism that begins with virtual space and leads to the real world could have positive and better consequences of both spaces on the process of cognition.
Reza Hemati; Mohammad Zeynali Onari
Abstract
Interpretive signs explain the purpose of the present paper is the study of the spatial domain is performed. One of the signs used in Ardabil urban context the term "sabalan" is. Wide range of shops, goods, or a combination of Graffiti and institutions such as the use of their names or decorate. ...
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Interpretive signs explain the purpose of the present paper is the study of the spatial domain is performed. One of the signs used in Ardabil urban context the term "sabalan" is. Wide range of shops, goods, or a combination of Graffiti and institutions such as the use of their names or decorate. This study is based on descriptive phenomenology and structures of the symbols were drawn through analysis of data obtained from interviews with a dozen people from Ardabil citizens have been studied. Phenomenological analysis based on an analytical model of the Ardabil Moustakas codes used in different types of signs to interpret. They are symbolic space that is created by their own statements, codes of expression, based on similar forms with the forms of expression, emotion, and sacred being described, they are harvested. These codes can be produced in a limited framework, with which they are faced by the people, in spite of their freedom to withdraw preferential, in this context is read.
Sara Shariati Mazinani; Shima Gholamreza Kashi
Abstract
This article is a qualitative research on changes in religious rituals: making places and people secared that are not considered sacred in religious traditions. Sohrab Sepehri’s grave is a case of those “modern places” and this research is a case study on its pilgrim’s rituals ...
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This article is a qualitative research on changes in religious rituals: making places and people secared that are not considered sacred in religious traditions. Sohrab Sepehri’s grave is a case of those “modern places” and this research is a case study on its pilgrim’s rituals and insights. Young pilgrims of Sohrab’s grave are creating and experiencing new forms of religiosity. All these forms have complicated relations with traditional religion: Trying to be distinct as well as borrowing some elements of it. This phenomenoncan be interpreted as an attempt to create a more flexible version of religiosity which is more fluid and pluralistic and is capable of creating deep warm spiritual experiences by changing some popular religious rituals as pilgrimage.
Sociology
Sedigheh Shoaa; Mohsen Niazi
Abstract
In today's society, body management in the sense of continual manipulation in the visual aesthetics has been expanded dramatically. Body is a very important issue theoretically and practically and many studies have addressed it. Moreover, there are much debates on body as a social and identity-making ...
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In today's society, body management in the sense of continual manipulation in the visual aesthetics has been expanded dramatically. Body is a very important issue theoretically and practically and many studies have addressed it. Moreover, there are much debates on body as a social and identity-making element in sociology. Body management is common among the youth, and different behaviors such as body building, food diets and make up have been represented for it. In this study that aimed to the meta-analysis of the relationship between body management and cultural capitals, 10 studies from 38 research in the body management which has the necessary qualifications, were selected from databases and by using comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA), data were analyzed. In this study, according to results of the heterogeneity, random effects model was appropriate and the measure of the combined effect relationship was 32 percent that is a medium effect size based on the Cohen's criteria. In other words, the cultural capital plays a medium role in the variance explanation of body management.
Higher Education
Q. Zaeri; H. Mohamadalizadeh
Abstract
This article aims to examine the occurrence of the "Cultural Revolution in Universities" (1980-1983/ 1359-63) to the extent of the supremacy of "Islamization" discourse. The important point is historicity of the idea of "Cultural Revolution in Universities." This idea is not the product of any specific ...
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This article aims to examine the occurrence of the "Cultural Revolution in Universities" (1980-1983/ 1359-63) to the extent of the supremacy of "Islamization" discourse. The important point is historicity of the idea of "Cultural Revolution in Universities." This idea is not the product of any specific event, but the product of the historical conditions that the revolutionary forces of life in numerous and sometimes conflicting experiences. As an example the cultural revolution in China, the white revolution of Iran, the new European cultural movements or the re-reading of the cultural Be’sat of the Prophet (PBUH), in contrast to some cultural practices such as tyrannical or colonial culture in the Pahlavi era. The article shows, all the political and social forces involved in the Islamic revolution agreed upon the transformation at the university. The occurrence of the revolution the occurrence of the revolution paved the way for the realization of the idea. In addition, with the revealing of the controversy among the forces involved in the revolution over the nature and structure of the new political order in the post-revolutionary phase, and the transformation of the "University" into the political object of the forces of hostility, the Islamization discourse overcome and other competing discourses were marginalized from the events of the Cultural Revolution in universities. In this paper, by the use of Michel Foucault’s method is used for genealogy and source analysis. This article seeks to analyze the genealogy and source analysis by Michel Foucault’s method
Sociology
R. Ghareh; S. Bastani
Abstract
With the beginning of modernization in Iran during the Reza Shah period and following the implementation of control and disciplinary policies, the female body, which was previously marginalized, entered the center of politics. Although Mohammad Reza Shah lacked the political power his father enjoyed ...
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With the beginning of modernization in Iran during the Reza Shah period and following the implementation of control and disciplinary policies, the female body, which was previously marginalized, entered the center of politics. Although Mohammad Reza Shah lacked the political power his father enjoyed but he tried to continue his predecessor’s policies. In the early second Pahlavi era, with the decline of the political power of the government, a freer political atmosphere was provided to the press. During this period, women publications began to represent the political and social conditions of Iranian women. At that time, one of the controversial issues in women's magazines was the concept of embodiment. In this research, using the content analysis method, the concept of female embodiment in the "Bidāri-ye Mā" monthly magazine between 1944 and 1949 has been studied. Three main forms of embodiment are recognized in this journal: Traditional embodiment, puppet embodiment, and warrior embodiment. By criticizing the two forms of traditional and puppet embodiment, the magazine has determined its ideal image of the body form which was warrior embodiment. Although the magazine's ideal embodiment criticized other forms of embodiment due to the imposition of strict rules, this embodiment too imposed strict rules on the female body.
Ali Rabbani; Zahra Maher
Abstract
Formerly most sociologists of science and technology did little to research in the formal literature of the Sociology of Culture and may even were resistant to cultural analysis. The sociologists of culture have also written little analysis on the process of knowledge and technology production. This ...
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Formerly most sociologists of science and technology did little to research in the formal literature of the Sociology of Culture and may even were resistant to cultural analysis. The sociologists of culture have also written little analysis on the process of knowledge and technology production. This is contrary to the basic characteristic of the new sociology of knowledge and science that is emphasis on culture and cultural analysis in science and technology studies. In this article, we trace and analyze how sociologists of science and technology have performed cultural analysis. More recent moves to extend studies of science and technology "outward" beyond formal scientific settings have created new possibilities for the sociology of culture. They have also attracted more attention to the place of culture in knowledge and technology studies. Of these recent attempts are the studies on materialistic culture, scientific citizenship, macro - epistemic (culture in knowledge society), and finally civic epistemologies.
Social Sciences and Communications
Z. Majdizade; A. Ravadrad
Abstract
Instagram texts need to be analyzed from a multimodal perspective because a large part of it on this social media platform is conveyed to the audience through images. The multimodal critical discourse analysis approach, like others, focuses on power and ideology concepts, as well as the context involved ...
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Instagram texts need to be analyzed from a multimodal perspective because a large part of it on this social media platform is conveyed to the audience through images. The multimodal critical discourse analysis approach, like others, focuses on power and ideology concepts, as well as the context involved in text production and at the same time, due to attention to multifacetedness and using the social semiotics approach, it is suitable for analyzing Instagram texts. The study of childhood, motherly and fatherly identity construction on child-centered Instagram pages was chosen as a case study. For this purpose, first the analytical framework of Kress and Leeuwen was explained with the focus on how to analyze each of the intellectual, interpersonal, and hybrid meta-roles. Then only the child-centered page of fraternity that is among the top-ranked Iranian Instagram influencer pages was analyzed using the same method. Findings were analyzed by separating texts as corpus. Following that, the discourses of patriarchy and capitalism were identified and their connection to social and industrial context was described. Findings also demonstrated the fluidity and simultaneity of identities influenced by the emergence of social media.
Nafiseh Hamidi; Mahdi Faraji
Abstract
This article aims at finding different lifestyles of female clothing in Tehran. To this end, it describes women’s diverse types of clothing in different social and cultural environments. The main questions advanced in the article are about special lifestyles and logic of choosing clothes by women. ...
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This article aims at finding different lifestyles of female clothing in Tehran. To this end, it describes women’s diverse types of clothing in different social and cultural environments. The main questions advanced in the article are about special lifestyles and logic of choosing clothes by women. The authors try to discover whether distinction, identity making or some kinds of primary functions such as protection, decoration, and chastity are considered the most important factors for women. To find answers, the authors conducted deep interviews with 40 female residents of Tehran and extracted their social positions and lifestyle in clothing. Based on these findings, the authors could distinguish nine different social types.
Akbar Zare Shah Abadi; Shiva Sadeghi
Abstract
The issue of the youth's national identity concerning their constructive roles in their countries’ destiny is so important. The importance of national identity is due to the fact that it is present in all domains of culture, society, politics and even economy: The youths are most likely to follow ...
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The issue of the youth's national identity concerning their constructive roles in their countries’ destiny is so important. The importance of national identity is due to the fact that it is present in all domains of culture, society, politics and even economy: The youths are most likely to follow their parent’s behavior hence family in this regard is considered to be an influential factor. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of family in constructing yazdi student's national identity. The methodology followed in the present study is survey and cross-sectional the time. 120 high school were selected applying Cochran formula and stratified sampling. A valid and reliable questionnaire was used in order to collect required information. Doing pretest by 40 questioners. The study also had fact validity since the problematic and ambiguous items in the questionnaire were detected and revised as a result of consultation with some scholars. In order to estimate the reliability of measures in this study, alpha cronbach coefficient was used and the obtained data was analyzed by means of the statistical package for Social Sciences(SPSS). The results of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between the youth's national identity on the one hand and their gender, parent’s national identity, use of mass media and friendly relations with parent's on the order. Furthermore, it was confirmed that there is no significant relationship between the youth's national identity and variables such as age, dimention of family, education, parent's social and economic status as well as family unity family cohesion, Family empathy and dialoge. The result of the multiple regression analysis indicated that gender has the most direct influence on the student's national identity. Furthermore, gender and parent's national identity had direct relationship with the dependent variables.
Sociology
S.M. Eteadifard
Abstract
Office space is the space where students first experience the university. In this paper, the attitude of students toward office space in the public sphere of university is discussed. This article is the result of the research conducted for the “Institute for Social and Cultural Studies” by ...
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Office space is the space where students first experience the university. In this paper, the attitude of students toward office space in the public sphere of university is discussed. This article is the result of the research conducted for the “Institute for Social and Cultural Studies” by the author. The main issues in this paper are: university students' attitudes towards quality office space at the universities and mental basis of common issues among students at the universities. Data were collected through individual and group interviews. More than eighty interviews with activists and students of University of Tehran, Shahid Beheshti University, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Sharif University of Technology and Kharazmi University were done. The main indicators of office space in this study include: students’ satisfaction of office space, students’ welfare affairs and students’ feedback about this space. Problems and obstacles relating to the office space and their solutions were also studied in this paper.
Akbar Aliverdinia; Heidar Janalizade; Roghaye Tohidian
Abstract
Negative social sanction by others to the real or imagined behavior of an actor that, either by the intention of the behavior of others or the perceptions of the actor on theoretical perspective, labeling theory, factors "the ironic view that punishment often makes individuals more likely to commit crime ...
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Negative social sanction by others to the real or imagined behavior of an actor that, either by the intention of the behavior of others or the perceptions of the actor on theoretical perspective, labeling theory, factors "the ironic view that punishment often makes individuals more likely to commit crime because of altered interactional structures, fore closed legal opportunities and secondly Labeling theory believed that as soon as possible it should separate deviance. students from Formal and informal labeling. Because their primary deviant experience after labeling deviant, turn to criminal behavior university to deviant valued by using labeling theory. The research studies attitude of Mazandaran University students' toward deviant behaviors and 410 students were randomly selected as the sample. Results showed that there is direct and significant relationship among informal labels of deviant behavior background, faculty members' evaluation of students and student self- evaluation on attitude toward deviant behavior.
Sociology
N. Jaberian; A. Rabiei; H. Mohaddesi; M.J. Zahedi Mazandarani
Abstract
The current study is an attempt to analyze the attitudinal developments that have occurred in the social transactions of the members of the so-called Psymentology spiritual group. The study is a descriptive one and has been conducted according to the principles of the Grounded Theory on fourteen current ...
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The current study is an attempt to analyze the attitudinal developments that have occurred in the social transactions of the members of the so-called Psymentology spiritual group. The study is a descriptive one and has been conducted according to the principles of the Grounded Theory on fourteen current (active and non-active) and former members of the group. Results of analyses showed the changes occurred to the members of the two groups are not similar and are sometimes contradictory. In other words, the ideology that member have gotten through participation in the group and their spiritual experiences are not similar for the two groups; in other words, the current members evaluate such ideology as positive, while the former members have contrasting views. Cognitive and attitudinal changes among the members have been classified into four groups, each one with specific consequences. Identifying the hidden aspects of oneself, perceiving oneness in the universe and being united with it, believing in the consciousness of the existence and handing over all issues to it, and believing in the existence of non-organic beings.
Sociology
J. Rahmani
Abstract
Religious systems spread across geographical contexts and thus form their own historical and geographical formations. The existing understanding and analysis of Shiite formulation is mainly concentrated on its time and historical developments. In this article, I have tried to deal with geographical aspect ...
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Religious systems spread across geographical contexts and thus form their own historical and geographical formations. The existing understanding and analysis of Shiite formulation is mainly concentrated on its time and historical developments. In this article, I have tried to deal with geographical aspect of Shiite identity formation by emphasizing the recent developments, especially the fall of Saddam and the liberation of pilgrimage of Karbala and other Shiite holy cities in Iraq for believers, in relation to the geography of the Holy Land in Shiite culture. Historical data show that Shiism has always regretted for the pilgrimage to its holy land, Karbala, and this has symbolically become a fundamental part of the identity and faith of Shiites around the world. The most important consequence of free access to the holy shrines has caused the fundamental change of this formulation of the centrality of the Holy Land and the end of this historical syndrome of regretting for the Holy Land and the desire for pilgrimage.
Cultural Studies
M.H Badamchi
Abstract
Prior to the Coronavirus pandemic, the commencement camp in the beginning of the new academic year was considered to be one of the unique and distinct traditions of the Sharif University of Technology. This paper is the product of a research designed to study the impact of holding such an event on the ...
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Prior to the Coronavirus pandemic, the commencement camp in the beginning of the new academic year was considered to be one of the unique and distinct traditions of the Sharif University of Technology. This paper is the product of a research designed to study the impact of holding such an event on the sociocultural atmosphere of this university during 2002 and 2019. For this purpose, this research uses a twofold conceptual model consisting of “explicit cultural goals” and “implicit social patterns”. The main research question is that what was the explicit cultural goals and implicit social patterns of the planners and moderators of the camping, and what is students' reaction to that? To respond to the first question, interviews with main planners, and content analysis of official proposals and documents were used. For the second question, qualitative method was applied by interviewing 40 undergraduate students and an electronic survey of about 400 students graduated from the university. Findings show that while explicit cultural goals was presenting cultural contents to introduce several aspects of new academic life style, campus issues and useful educational information; some explicit social patterns were repeating each year: “Monopoly in administration, planning and managing of the event by the religious student organizations such as Basij and Hey’at”, “key role of religious senior group of camp leaders in making new social relations and cultural guidance”, “emphasis on camping in Holy religious city of Mashhad in religious accommodations dedicated to pilgrims” and “strict gender segregation between women and men”. Gathering the results together, depicts that Sharif University’s camp commencement is acting as a sociocultural suction motor over the past two decades. Beyond just a camping, this event by central organizing of students in a religious network with particular cultural, sociological and ideological identities, with isolating and rejecting the less religious students, had deeply polarized Sharif University of Technology’s community around a specific religious gap, covering other potential sociocultural conflicts.
Cyberspace and Metaverse Culture
F. Khoshnevisan; M. Talaei; S. Sharifi
Abstract
The ever-increasing use of information and communication technologies and virtual networks has created a possibility for educational development and transformation in the metaverse context. This possibility is related to the infrastructural development capabilities on the one hand and the content and ...
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The ever-increasing use of information and communication technologies and virtual networks has created a possibility for educational development and transformation in the metaverse context. This possibility is related to the infrastructural development capabilities on the one hand and the content and structural aspects of education in society on the other hand. Despite its positive and negative aspects, this subject requires serious attention to achieve meta-education. This study, by taking into account the perspectives of experts, intends to analyze the challenges of education in the metaverse. Here, a qualitative content analysis method was adopted, with the data collection tool being semi-structured interviews with 12 people until reaching the saturation level. The data was analyzed through an inductive approach and the reliability of contents was checked by "independent coders and expert group" method. The findings showed that the educational challenges in the metaverse include themes such as deconstruction of education, gamification, the conflict of diversity and singularity, the challenge of unknownness, the intellectual property interest, educational justice, perceived compatibility, the challenge of conflict, dependence and post-realism learning. It seems that the capabilities of using the educational metaverse in Iran are still not available due to the aforementioned challenges. Since capacities and capabilities are necessary for educational development, preparing grounds for its use by the next generation through a planning based on the findings of this paper can greatly increase the utilization rate of its positive aspects.
Sociology
A. Naderi; B. Roustakhiz; E. Fayaz; M.O. Hosseinbor
Abstract
The main purpose of this research is first to provide a sort of forces and social groups’ categorization in the Balochistan community and, in the following, discourses that can be deduced from the activities of these groups. The present research is fundamentally, within the framework of a kind ...
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The main purpose of this research is first to provide a sort of forces and social groups’ categorization in the Balochistan community and, in the following, discourses that can be deduced from the activities of these groups. The present research is fundamentally, within the framework of a kind of historical-genealogical methodology. Findings show that especially in the last century and among social groups in political and social discourses of Balochistan, the most influential ones included: 1) Commanders, khans and the traditional aristocracy; 2) Ethnic nationalist and national elites; 3) clerics, Molavies and religious activists; 4) intellectuals and modernist civil activists. It seems that each of these groups act in a special thinking context and space; this issue is discussed in the present article, following the presentation of four discourses: 1) Self-centered and ethnocentric discourses; 2) nationalist discourses; 3) socio-political religious-oriented discourses; 4) Reformative socio-political discourses.
Women Studies
S. Shafiei
Abstract
In the Iranian family sociology, the dominant approach is based on this general idea that the family is the center of patriarchy. Based on this view, women at home are in subjugation and under male dominance. To support this idea, a lot of researches have been conducted in recent years. However, the ...
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In the Iranian family sociology, the dominant approach is based on this general idea that the family is the center of patriarchy. Based on this view, women at home are in subjugation and under male dominance. To support this idea, a lot of researches have been conducted in recent years. However, the present study does not seek to identify the patterns of female subjugation; rather it is in the process to identify the patterns of their resistance to male dominance within the home. As such, the study seeks to answer the question as how women use "culture" as a tool of resistance as well as to change the balance of power in the family. In this regard, 36 married women were interviewed. Findings showed that women use the strategies such as "struggle for meaning", "reverse decoding", "resistance to gender stereotypes", "resistance through tradition" and "appearance of obedience but hidden resistance within family" to resist the male dominance. Through these, they try to control male power in the home and balance it accordingly. Various resistance strategies indicate that women’s “resistance sources" in the family are numerous, which take place in different domains and in different ways.
