Ali Rabbani Khorasgani; Vahid Ghasemi; Rasol Rabbani; Mehdi Adibi Sadeh; Nader Ofoghi
Abstract
The main aim of this article was sociological Analysis on the modes of science, survey of new Approaches in this context, description of available Approaches relevant to Application of Indigenous paradigm in prodvetion of knowledge and conclusion to attain imitated Approaches from Analysis and mentioned ...
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The main aim of this article was sociological Analysis on the modes of science, survey of new Approaches in this context, description of available Approaches relevant to Application of Indigenous paradigm in prodvetion of knowledge and conclusion to attain imitated Approaches from Analysis and mentioned discussions for planning in space of science production in society of Iran. After Analysis of propound Approaches in sociology of science concreted that sociology of science three generation transitioned yet : classic sociology of science (OSS) [ Theories of Merton ] , New sociology of science ( NSS ) [Theories of Thomas kuhn and others ] and Third generation sociology of science that consisted of non - Marxist composinal and processive Approaches for example: Actor - Network theory (ANT), Triple Helix Theory life eyeles, mode 2 and Mode 3. On the other hand , because science production is encompass process in social structures and social communications , allowance for Analysis of Recent Development in mode of science production , three paradigm Analysis and critiqued titles mode 1 , 2 , 3 production of knowledge . Also, Application of Indigenous paradigm studied in production of knowledge and introduced two groups: A - External Approaches B - Internal Approaches that each of two groups propounded Ideas relevant to Indigenous knowledge and Indigenization of knowledge. In the final section, mode an efforted to answered this question that what doctrines can be concluded from these discourse in order to improve the conditions in Iran.
Cultural Studies
M. Farahmand; M. Damanbagh
Abstract
National attachment sense as one of the components of social Property is a key word in national culture. Any definition of society is Occurred by accepting attachment and commitment sense and the society is existed to some extent because people have positive sense about that. National attachment sense ...
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National attachment sense as one of the components of social Property is a key word in national culture. Any definition of society is Occurred by accepting attachment and commitment sense and the society is existed to some extent because people have positive sense about that. National attachment sense is considered as one the important affairs of any society and its proper recognition and full knowledge of authorities and affair operators about the effective social factors on that can be an effective step in recognizing the existent problems in society. The present research reviewed the relation between cultural components and national attachment among the Yazd citizens. The research statistical society was all of the Yazd’s 15 to 65 years old citizens that 384 people were selected as sample by Cochran formula. The tool of data gathering was researcher-made questionnaire that had appropriate validity and reliability. Sampling method has been multi-stage clustered. Results showed that there was a meaningful relationship between secularization, consumerism and virtual social networks with national attachment has been reverse and meaningful, but the relationship between age and values preferences with national attachment has been direct and meaningful. Independent variables in regression equation managed to explain 39 percent of national attachment variable changes. The greatest impact on dependent variable (national attachment) has belonged to the variables of secularization, age, values preferences and consumerism.
Sociology
S. Ramezani Tamijani
Abstract
Studying the types of participation in Ashura rituals in Shi’a’s societies has great importance due to intense intermixture that has been established with collective conscience of the followers of this religion. Meanwhile, the study of the Arbaeen walking ritual, which has shown wonderful ...
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Studying the types of participation in Ashura rituals in Shi’a’s societies has great importance due to intense intermixture that has been established with collective conscience of the followers of this religion. Meanwhile, the study of the Arbaeen walking ritual, which has shown wonderful changes in recent years and become a special and multifaceted socio-cultural phenomenon, has increased importance. Therefore, this article has considered the description and analysis of areas and types of collective participation in Arbaeen Walk phenomenon. 17 semi-structured interviews are conducted with Iranian servants and Managers of different Mukeb as the group with most level and scope of the conflict with this phenomenon in comparing with other participants. Analyzing the content of the interviews by using a combination of thematic analysis and ideal type making methods, after three coding steps, led us to 10 themes in relation to the areas of participation and 12 themes in relation to the type of participation. And finally, it was concluded that we are facing a unique kind of participation in the Arbaeen Walking.
Mohammad Mahdi Rahmati; Saadat Bakhshi
Abstract
Today, cellphone is an integral part of our life in daily communication and relations. Moreover, due to the increasing development of the communication technologies and devices, it is necessary to study their impacts and influences on people in society. The main aim of this paper is to ...
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Today, cellphone is an integral part of our life in daily communication and relations. Moreover, due to the increasing development of the communication technologies and devices, it is necessary to study their impacts and influences on people in society. The main aim of this paper is to describe and explain the culture of cellphone consuming. Meanwhile, indexes of lifestyle have been applied among subjects (University students). Theoretical framework of this research is Pierre Bourdieu’s consumer lifestyle. This study is based on survey method with sample size of 400 students. Questionnaire has been used for gathering data from respondents (students of state university and medical university of Shahrekord). The results of this study showed that, using Bourdieu’s theory, we can explain many students behavior about consuming cellphone. Moreover, findings about using social media between respondents have confirmed the theory of anonymity in cyberspace about applications such as Viber, Line and What’s up.
Sayyed Bashir Hosseini; Mokhtar Jafari
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to address the communication discourse of Iranian historical – religious TV series based on the decoding of Sunnis and it is determined to analyze the discourse of the most important historical – religious TV series of IRIB directed by Davoud Mirbagheri from ...
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The purpose of this article is to address the communication discourse of Iranian historical – religious TV series based on the decoding of Sunnis and it is determined to analyze the discourse of the most important historical – religious TV series of IRIB directed by Davoud Mirbagheri from the perspective of Sunnis. Through realizing rights of religious minorities of religious TV programs it addresses the two fundamental principles of "unity" and "export of revolution discourse" consistent with "national interest" and adherence to the Constitution. This article aims to answer the question: what are the consequences of non-compliance with these two principles in the production and distribution of historical – religious TV series contents? The methodology of this study is text and hypertext discourse analysis that in the conclusion using inductive scenario building models, it summarizes and provides solution. Case studies of the present study include three works directed by Davoud Mirbagheri i.e. Imam Ali, Ray passenger and Mokhtarnameh historical – religious TV series. The applied theories in the research include use and gratification approach and encoding-decoding model by Stuart Hall. Results of this study support the notion that these series are produced by textual and hyper textual decoding, unhappiness, the absence of media and audience’s self-censorship and thus isolation, negotiation and conflict. Therefore, with emphasis on national identity, development of the series of characters and historical periods agreed by Shiite and Sunnis and developing religious series regardless of denomination and adherence to ethical principles, it is possible take steps to avoid problems.
Sociology
N. Jaberian; A. Rabiei; H Mohaddesi Gilvaiei; M.J. Zahedi Mazandarani
Abstract
The conversion of a large number of people to the emerging spiritual sect (hereafter mentioned as “the M sect” in the current study) indicates a socio-cultural trend and the current study attempts to identify its causes and effective factors. Qualitative methodology in the form of Grounded ...
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The conversion of a large number of people to the emerging spiritual sect (hereafter mentioned as “the M sect” in the current study) indicates a socio-cultural trend and the current study attempts to identify its causes and effective factors. Qualitative methodology in the form of Grounded Theory has been applied. Data were collected through distributing a semi-structured questionnaire in an in-depth interview from fourteen participants. Findings constitute a two-step paradigm model where the dimensions and major elements include: A) preliminary conditions: stresses of religious life in the modern age, lack of acceptability in the traditional religious culture, emotional detachment; B) causal conditions: spiritual needs, epistemic crisis, physical or mental illnesses; C1) The central phenomenon and context: the feeling of distress with regard to intensity, continuity, and diversity; D1) Strategy: reference to traditional religious texts, medical treatment, psychotherapy, counseling, exercise; E1) intervening conditions: lack of acceptability in the religious culture; F1) Result: inefficient or partially efficient of strategy and continuity of the feeling of distress; C2) the feeling of distress with desperation; D2) choosing the spiritual method proposed by M; E2) value system, religious socialization and lack of congruence with the religious culture, the congruence of the sect with the general culture, having fresh viewpoints and the acceptability of explanations provided by the sect, objective reports on the effectiveness of the practices in the sect, open membership, and the quality and quantity of the network of relations with members in the sect; F2) Conversion that has instrumental and ultimate interpretations.
Sociology
A. Babaiefard; T. Yoosefifar; Z. Amjadi
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of social factors on women’s Body Management in Qom. The theoretical framework was based on various theories by Giddens, Goffman, Nan Lane, Cooley, and Homans. This study was based on a survey design, and the data were collected by a researcher-made ...
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The present study aimed to investigate the effect of social factors on women’s Body Management in Qom. The theoretical framework was based on various theories by Giddens, Goffman, Nan Lane, Cooley, and Homans. This study was based on a survey design, and the data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population included all women aged 16-60 years old in Qom. A total of 384 participants were selected using the Cochran’s Formula and quota sampling. SPSS software (Version 22) was used for data analysis. The findings indicated that body management had a significant and direct relationship with social pressure, social acceptance, and life satisfaction as well as achieving a higher social status and attracting the opposite sex. In addition, the results of regression analysis revealed that the aforementioned variables could explain 41% of the changes in ‘Body Management’. Furthermore, implications of the findings for social policy making were discussed. Finally, some suggestions were made for dealing with extreme tendency towards Body Management.
Higher Education
F. Azizi; Z. Mohammadi Bolbanabad; H. Bagheri
Abstract
Conducted as a phenomenological qualitative research, the present study aims to explore the lived experiences of university professors and students with online classes during the Covid-19 pandemic. The statistical population consists of all the professors and students of the University of Kurdistan who ...
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Conducted as a phenomenological qualitative research, the present study aims to explore the lived experiences of university professors and students with online classes during the Covid-19 pandemic. The statistical population consists of all the professors and students of the University of Kurdistan who either had taught/taken online classes before the coronavirus outbreak or experienced them for the first time during the pandemic. The theoretical saturation was reached after interviewing 31 students and professors. The findings suggest that, as opposed to traditional education, online classes led to the decline and loss of various academic opportunities, functions, and roles. According to most of the students surveyed, in the absence of physical classes, interaction and dialog among and between both sides (student–student, student–professor, and professor–professor) diminished dramatically. And, they were rather replaced by a form of mechanical, one-dimensional transfer of knowledge from a “transmitter” to a “receiver,” negatively affecting the learning, creativity, productivity, and skills of students. According to the professors, the rise in online classes in Iran has changed their role from “keepers of information” to, at best, “protectors of knowledge.” Most of the professors also believed that another unwanted outcome of the spread of online education had been the loss of interaction and dialog among the university’s faculty members.
Psychology, Video Games
M. Vahidi Asl; F. Aghazadehpar; P. Alikhani
Abstract
Reduction in motivation and level of engagement in educational courses is one of the most important challenges for every organization. In order to address this issue, various methods have been proposed to improve organizational instruction, including the adoption of gamification to motivate employees ...
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Reduction in motivation and level of engagement in educational courses is one of the most important challenges for every organization. In order to address this issue, various methods have been proposed to improve organizational instruction, including the adoption of gamification to motivate employees to participate actively both in courses and in general to improve education efficiency. The present study, while considering the effectiveness of the popular approach of gamification, has also addressed the challenges of its implementation. These challenges have been extracted based on the experiences of the experts in the field of education and gamification. To this end, a qualitative research using phenomenological method was adopted. Data collected from one-on-one interviews were analyzed and coded according to Strauss and Corbin's three-stage coding procedure. The findings suggested that in addition to the organization's challenges for the adoption of gamification, there are also challenges for gamification’s entry into the organization. A total of 13 challenges were identified and put into the two mentioned categories. Therefore, it is expected that by identifying these challenges and attempting to reduce them before taking any action, the gamification approach can be useful in increasing the effectiveness of education courses in an organization.
Psychology, Video Games
F. Mohammadi
Abstract
The main issue of the present study is how the power domain is represented in the TV series Aghazadeh. In order to answer the problem, Pierre Bourdieu's theory was used as an approach. Methodologically too, Bourdieu's Genetic Structuralism was used and this text was analyzed at three levels of habitus, ...
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The main issue of the present study is how the power domain is represented in the TV series Aghazadeh. In order to answer the problem, Pierre Bourdieu's theory was used as an approach. Methodologically too, Bourdieu's Genetic Structuralism was used and this text was analyzed at three levels of habitus, structure and relationship between power and other fields using document analysis research method and thematic analysis technique. The results indicate that the power domain is structurally heterogeneous and hierarchical as well as a place of competition and conflict between l agents with religious-traditional habits and agents with economic and worldly habits. In terms of intra-field relationship, the power field is directly and indirectly related to all social domains, and it has affected other structured such as justice, economy, law and politics. The influence of utilitarian agents of the power field on these has reduced the relative independence of these fields on the one hand, and has led to the spread of corruption on the other. Of course, the greater relative independence of the justice field has made it possible for justice-oriented social agents to monitor and investigate the activities in other fields, control illegal activities of other social agents carefully, and eradicate the corrupt power network in the society. This means that one must hope for the future.
Higher Education
Z. Niknam
Abstract
The present article describes and interprets the experiences of study-abroad doctoral students studying in Iran. The theoretical backgrounds behind the issue relate to "academic exchanges" and "doctoral studies" as important subdivisions of internationalization of higher education. Academic exchanges ...
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The present article describes and interprets the experiences of study-abroad doctoral students studying in Iran. The theoretical backgrounds behind the issue relate to "academic exchanges" and "doctoral studies" as important subdivisions of internationalization of higher education. Academic exchanges are not merely epistemic, but mainly cultural and social. Doctoral studies are also a relatively new field of study in higher education, which has grown dramatically with the massification of higher education in recent years. In order to understand the doctoral students’ lived experiences, ethnography as methodology and research method has been used. The informants included eleven PhD students in both gender, from Afghanistan, Lebanon and India in different disciplines and universities who studied in Iran in 2018. MC Alpine and Norton (2012) conceptual schema has been used to understand the overall student experiences as a heuristic, and integrative framework of nested contexts. Students' lived experiences with the consideration of societal/supra‐societal, institutional and departmental/disciplinary contexts are studied. The framework allows recognizing the layers and complexities of study-abroad doctoral students’ experiences and integrating factors that influencing the outcomes across the contexts. The research findings were categorized in nine categories and they were described and interpreted subsequently. Finally, suggestions for future research and action are presented.
Sociology
A. Naderi
Abstract
NEETs as those who neither study nor have a job or profession, have been the topic in statistical and social discussions of countries in recent years, in which, Iran's contribution to this concept is close to zero. This research is an ethnographic study about the lifestyle of NEETs in Tehran. Among the ...
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NEETs as those who neither study nor have a job or profession, have been the topic in statistical and social discussions of countries in recent years, in which, Iran's contribution to this concept is close to zero. This research is an ethnographic study about the lifestyle of NEETs in Tehran. Among the definitions related to the two concepts of NEETs and lifestyle, Bourdieu's perspective on lifestyle has been chosen as the central theme and concept of this research. This is a qualitative research that has been carried out in two stages of ethnographic study and semi-structured interview where a total of 30 interviews were conducted with targeted exploratory-chain sampling and with maximum diversity until reaching the conceptual saturation. The qualitative data was evaluated through foundational data theory and thematic analysis method. Finally, 5 main categories (identity, timing, biological consumption, virtual consumption and health and beauty) and 13 sub-categories were ascertained, which showed that the lifestyle of NEETs is mostly formed around the issue of identity. In other words, they identify biological and virtual consumptions, beauty and healthcare and even time in virtual space. Their collective activities are with other NEET youth who share a similar lifestyle and care about appearances, from the way they dress to cosmetic surgery. Most of them do not have a vision for the future and only enjoy the moment and do not see the need to participate in future building.
Social Sciences and Communications
M. Barekat; Z. Chelengar; N. Mohebbi
Abstract
The Coronavirus has had a profound effect not only on people's lifestyles, human relationships, and media experiences, rather increased their connection with new media. Members of the analog media generation entered a new space and built their new bio-world. With an emphasis on theories of Mannheim and ...
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The Coronavirus has had a profound effect not only on people's lifestyles, human relationships, and media experiences, rather increased their connection with new media. Members of the analog media generation entered a new space and built their new bio-world. With an emphasis on theories of Mannheim and reading concepts such as media landscape and media ecology, the print and analog generation's exposure to new post-Covid-19 media world and the lived experience of analog media generations in corona-specific conditions have been studied. This phenomenological study has had in-depth semi-structured interviews with 13 individuals over 60 years of age. Findings were analyzed by thematic analysis. Under the sub-theme of "Print and Analogue Generations Biomedia", three themes: "Media Biography", "Staying at Home" and "Post-Covid Experience Perspective" were extracted. The findings showed that the biomedia phenomenon during the Covid-19 pandemic is made up of the following elements: A) How do people understand the media, their media experience; B) This experience shapes their biomedia throughout their lives; C) Based on this meaning, an experience of the new media space is created in their consciousness, through which, biomedia finds its meaning; D) The Coronavirus outbreak as a break in understanding the qualities of social, economic and political relations gives a new form to the experience of living in a new media space; E) This new semantic form also creates the future of the post-COVID media experience in the consciousness of individuals and creates different qualities in the subjectivity of individuals. The generation of print and analog media is regaining its presence in the new media ecology. It means being with full acceptance through resistance.
Psychology, Video Games
M. Akhtar Mohagheghi; A. Rabiei; A. Farhangi
Abstract
Today, social capital has attracted the attention of many political, cultural, social, and economic intellectuals since its promotion leads to the elevation of various developmental indicators in societies. Like other social doctrines, as should be pointed, the promotion of social capital, too, requires ...
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Today, social capital has attracted the attention of many political, cultural, social, and economic intellectuals since its promotion leads to the elevation of various developmental indicators in societies. Like other social doctrines, as should be pointed, the promotion of social capital, too, requires proper infrastructure and conditions where interactions and communications are made among individuals. In other words, since social capital is mainly based on communications, it will become meaningless once communications are lacking among people. That’s the reason, social networks, these days, as an all-encompassing medium, play a key role in providing an appropriate condition for developing effective interpersonal communications. The current study, as such, intends to address the main question: How can social networks promote social capital? To respond to this, first, different aspects of social capital and social networks are examined in order to provide a model. The study employs an integrated method and using a theme analysis of data obtained from various interviews with experts, the most important aspects of social capital and social networks are identified, and finally, using structural modeling and the MICMAC analysis, a model is presented. Based on the results, it is concluded that through conversations as well as news and information obtained on social networks, the greatest impact can be made on social trust and social norms to promote social capital.
Social Sciences and Communications
H. Gheblezadeh; A. Afshani; H. Eslami
Abstract
Today, living in the age of media and information, human beings are exposed to all kinds of seemingly real news and information, the rumored nature of which is hidden from the view. In the face of such unreliable news, people often republish it in virtual and real spaces, which can lead to a significant ...
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Today, living in the age of media and information, human beings are exposed to all kinds of seemingly real news and information, the rumored nature of which is hidden from the view. In the face of such unreliable news, people often republish it in virtual and real spaces, which can lead to a significant security, economic and social damage. Therefore, the present study is conducted with the aim of more deeply identifying users' strategies in the face of news and especially rumors in the virtual space and the process of reducing rumor-making and rumor-mongering with a qualitative approach and Strauss and Corbin's field theory method. Based on theoretical and purposive sampling, 24 young Yazdians active in cyberspace, including 12 men and 12 women, participated in the research and their narratives were analyzed. The data collection process was performed simultaneously with their analysis in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. Findings show the central phenomenon of dualism of trust in news sources, whether national, non-national or virtual. News were tracked from credible sources whereas credible and rumor contents were measured accordingly. Eventually, due to the timeliness of rumors and media literacy training, there was high probability of discrediting. The mentioned strategies, such as the temporary reduction of rumor mongers' visits were found to silence rumors.
Cyberspace and Metaverse Culture
S. Khosravi
Abstract
The online learning process during the recent Covid-19 pandemic gave us an input about the significance of technological requirements for improving learning experiences in long-distance education. Scanning textbook pages, typing course materials, playing videos of scientific experiments, asking students ...
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The online learning process during the recent Covid-19 pandemic gave us an input about the significance of technological requirements for improving learning experiences in long-distance education. Scanning textbook pages, typing course materials, playing videos of scientific experiments, asking students to record a vide while doing homework, discussions in the chat-box, and even using an interactive whiteboard in virtual classrooms are all examples of technologies used, but they are not unavailable or inaccessible cutting-edge technologies any more. Increasing students’ performance and satisfaction requires adoption and adaptation to other technologies. Therefore some schools and universities in Iran have been equipped with virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) hardware and software. Metaverse labs in some schools s well as universities have been launched; although its effectiveness is questionable. But the main question is if the metaverse is accessible to learning outside of academia, why do we need universities anymore? Is expansion of the metaverse synonymous with the reduction of the university? May universities use the metaverse in learning activities, but keeping their function to formal higher education? Will universities be transferred to (and transformed in) the metaverse? Will organizational structure (and social role) of universities change in the metaverse? Answering such questions wants us to reconsider the linguistic construct and the social relation of university, technology, and society - which needs returning to the conceptions and conceptualization of the university, turning points of great expectations for/from the university, and megatrends of socio-digital transformations. In this paper, we reviewed John Henry Newman’s idea of a university in its historical context, the discursive turn of higher education (HE) from university to Clark Kerr’s multiversity, and the resurgence of the idea of the metaverse (i.e. a single, universal, and immersive virtual world) as a consequence of pervasive prevalence of alternative technologies. Attempts are to re-articulate those concepts, draw a big picture of their social relations (in what Karl Popper called world 3), and provide an epistemological criticism of current debates on consistencies and controversies of university and the metaverse.
Vahid Shalchi; Mohadese ziyachi
Abstract
This article will explore the different way of leisure and some cultural attitudes among on-campus and non-campus students. The method of this study is survey research and questionnaires have been used. The statistical population is the students under the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology’s ...
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This article will explore the different way of leisure and some cultural attitudes among on-campus and non-campus students. The method of this study is survey research and questionnaires have been used. The statistical population is the students under the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology’s universities and three-stage cluster sampling method was used for sampling. In the first stage among 31 provinces in Iran, 6 cities have been chosen and in the second stage a number of universities have been chosen among Public University, Payame Noor University, University of Applied Science and Technology, and Nonprofit University, and in the third stage a number of students staying in dormitories and on-campus have been chosen randomly. The sample size is 2500 people and SPSS 19 software has been utilized for data analysis. The results show that there is a considerable difference between the participants’ priorities, obstacles and opportunities in the two groups. Also there is a significant difference between on-campus and non-campus students in terms of their treatment of the most important university’s issues, important criterion in individual success and concerns about the relation between themselves and the society. On-campus students claim financial limitations as one of the most important obstacles for passing their leisure time whereas non-campus students see social supervision as the most important limitation. Moreover, there is a large gap between on-campus students to have an access to leisure facilities, with other students. The concerns between the two groups are also very different. For example on-campus students have twice more concerns on marriage whereas non-campus students have twice more concerns on immigration to foreign countries.
Naseeruddin Ali Taghavian; Yahya Ghaedi; Saeid Zarghami; Javad Gholami
Abstract
In this article, we have tried to reconstruct some of the implications of socio-cultural approach for language education, with a view to the theory of discourse ethics. Our main concept is based on the idea that although socio-cultural approach has had many advantages for the field of language ...
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In this article, we have tried to reconstruct some of the implications of socio-cultural approach for language education, with a view to the theory of discourse ethics. Our main concept is based on the idea that although socio-cultural approach has had many advantages for the field of language education, it has not been able to give a proper moral aspect to language education due to the lack of normative resources for explaining how to reach mutual understanding and agreements in linguistic interactions. It is emphasized that this deficit can be amended by the theory of discourse ethics. After all, the implications of this normative socio-cultural approach are explored in the areas of language-educational research, teaching and evaluation. The moral aspects of these three areas are highlighted.
Intercultural Communications
H. Molaei
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the most significant factors affecting the socio-cultural adaptation of international students in Iran. A survey was conducted on international students studying at University of Tehran. Data was collected both online and on paper among the students. 284 valid responses ...
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This paper aims to investigate the most significant factors affecting the socio-cultural adaptation of international students in Iran. A survey was conducted on international students studying at University of Tehran. Data was collected both online and on paper among the students. 284 valid responses were collected. The results indicate that there is a positive relationship between the level of socio-cultural adaptation of international students and factors such as having companion during the study period in Iran, the length of stay, being accepted by people in society, being accepted by university staff and students and an overall satisfaction of living in Iran. The results also suggest that there is no significant relationship between acquiring prior knowledge regarding Iran and the level of socio-cultural adaptation of students. The results also indicate that there is no significant relationship between the demographic factors such as age and gender and socio-cultural adaption of international students at the University of Tehran.
Cultural Studies
M. Ezati; S. Gholipour; H. Moradkhani
Abstract
This paper is to explore the mechanism of social production of Nowbahar Park in Kermanshah city. The theoretical approach is based on Henry Lefebvre's opinions on production of space. The study method is ethnography and in addition data collection techniques: observation, interviews, examination of documents ...
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This paper is to explore the mechanism of social production of Nowbahar Park in Kermanshah city. The theoretical approach is based on Henry Lefebvre's opinions on production of space. The study method is ethnography and in addition data collection techniques: observation, interviews, examination of documents and cognitive maps. The research findings are as follows: 1) Nowbahar Park was built in the late 1960s on the broad settlement processes; 2) The way people are exposed to this public space is influenced by intrinsic meanings, and each age group uses its own terms. Teenagers and young people in the reproduction of stigmatized meanings and the old people play a role in production of meanings. The permanent presence of Teenagers and young has increased their naming power; 3) Activists of daily life over time have been described by different meanings. These meanings are dual and at the same time, good/bad, relaxing/threatening. But, negative meanings are more prominent and so as to be known as a stigmatized place in the mental space of the city.
Cultural Studies
S.Y. Khatami; S.A. Safavi; S.M. Khatami
Abstract
Muharram commemoration to remember sacrifices made by Imam Hussein, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad and his companions is one of the special and deep-rooted Islamic events, tied to spirituality for centuries. These processions are often held in specific routes or ‘mourning pathways. These ...
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Muharram commemoration to remember sacrifices made by Imam Hussein, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad and his companions is one of the special and deep-rooted Islamic events, tied to spirituality for centuries. These processions are often held in specific routes or ‘mourning pathways. These paths and related spaces over time, in addition to being memorable and creating identity, have become spiritual in their own ways. But the contemporary Iranian urban planning pays more attention to material aspects and has moved away from spiritual spaces. Extensive physical changes and interventions in traditional cities, as well as threats and damage to mourning pathways, highlight the need for further research. This article, using comparative-qualitative studies and bringing evidence and numerous examples from different Iranian cities and emphasizing Ardabil, has tried to interpret the collected data, while proving and introducing mourning pathways as sacred and spiritual paths, determine their spiritual dimensions and aspects. The spiritual effects of mourning before and after the events along with their margins have been studied. The results show that various sacred-religious, physical-spatial, cultural-social, historical-political and natural factors constitute mourning pathways and then the socio-cultural dimension added weight to it. On the one hand, these pathways connect spaces to history, and on the other hand, they add a special symbolic and semantic dimension that distinguishes them from other paths.
Sirous Asadian; Marziyeh Mogaddam
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to study the impact of religious cartoons on religiosity of female six-grade students. This study is a quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group. The statistical population was primary school's sixth grade female students of Miyandoab city who were ...
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The purpose of this research is to study the impact of religious cartoons on religiosity of female six-grade students. This study is a quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group. The statistical population was primary school's sixth grade female students of Miyandoab city who were studying in non-public schools. By random sampling, a class of 15 people as experimental group and a class of 15 people as a control group were selected. Before performing any intervention, religiosity questionnaire was used in both groups. Then, after two weeks in experimental group, interventions (religious cartoons) were performed during 11 weeks andin the other class (control group) no intervention was done. Finally, after three months religiosity questionnaire was used again in both groups and the results were analyzed using MANCOVA. The results showed that religious cartoons could have significant impact on religiosity of students in experimental group.
Cultural Studies
S. Fotuhi; N. Fazeli
Abstract
The present study phenomenologicaly examines and analyzes the lived experience of the Nowdeshah’ borderline residences. Based on a thematic analysis, four dimensions of the lived experiences studied are identified consisting of the cultural, environmental, economic and political experiences. In ...
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The present study phenomenologicaly examines and analyzes the lived experience of the Nowdeshah’ borderline residences. Based on a thematic analysis, four dimensions of the lived experiences studied are identified consisting of the cultural, environmental, economic and political experiences. In the cultural and environmental experience, the border is considered as a limiting wall and a factor in the abandonment of human communication, where as the political dimension is considered as a liberating frontier. From the economic point of view, the situation is more complicated and there are three different perspectives which are commonplace to the border phenomenon. The first one believes that the border is "potentially life- limiting". In this perspective the border is a barrier to economic relations, although it is necessary and might be existed and accepted. This is due to that fact that without the border it is too difficult to live and survive. In the second view, the border is seen as “liberalization of the market." In this sense, the frontier makes the two countries' economies more interconnected, and there is a two-way exchange between them, which does not provide for foreign cities. In the third approach, the border is considered as "deprivation from the center". In this view the border is seen an obstacle to development, and even to the acquisition of amenities.
Sociology
S. Salehi; P. Shateri
Abstract
Environmental issues caused by profit-making behavior of humans with nature on the one hand, and the need to carry out climate change adaptation programs on the other hand, as well as the inability of the governmental executive bodies to fully implement the programs, make it important for the broad participation ...
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Environmental issues caused by profit-making behavior of humans with nature on the one hand, and the need to carry out climate change adaptation programs on the other hand, as well as the inability of the governmental executive bodies to fully implement the programs, make it important for the broad participation of all groups, including non-governmental environmental organizations. Generally speaking, participation is influenced by various factors, one of which is utilizing cultural capital. The aim of this article is to sociologically analyze the impact of cultural capital of members of non-governmental organizations on environmental participation. The research method was survey and questionnaire method were used to collect data. The statistical community of the research was formed by all the members of environmental non-governmental organizations in Tehran, Iran. The sample size of 376 people was selected using the relative random sampling method and SPSS software was used for data processing and analysis. The results of the present study showed that the cultural capital and participation of most of the respondents is in the "average level and more" and with the increase of cultural capital and each of its dimensions separately, the participation increased. It also showed that the members with cultural capital were able to use creative mechanisms in the following cases. have a role: creating incentives for the participation of people and investors, implementing symbolic programs with the aim of promoting, transferring environmental knowledge and education, facilitating, demanding, empowering, increasing interaction with society, influencing the government and local communities, etc. From the results of this research, it can be concluded that environmental non-governmental organizations can play a role in creating sustainable fields among people and can be good promoters for building environmental issues at the community level.
Cultural Studies
H. Naderi; M.A. Mousavi
Abstract
Culture, as one of the main components of any social system, has always been exposed to all kinds of reflexivity, and one such case of ideation is related to the promotion of the notion of collapse by the elites. The purpose of this article is to examine what cultural collapse is, and to identify the ...
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Culture, as one of the main components of any social system, has always been exposed to all kinds of reflexivity, and one such case of ideation is related to the promotion of the notion of collapse by the elites. The purpose of this article is to examine what cultural collapse is, and to identify the root cause of it related to the elite community. To achieve this goal, a qualitative study with inductive content analysis was conducted with the participation of 12 academic elites who were experts and had published books on the subject under study. To analyze the data, a thematic analysis was adopted and the data were coded in Atlas.ti8. The findings showed that the use of the idea of cultural collapse has caused conceptual confusion among the elites, and while culture does not disappear but can be accompanied by metamorphosis and change. The roots of this go back to the forms of cultural change, analytical deception, the role of educational centers, the body of power, and the media; and the nature of the idea of collapse is related to the political system and has nothing to do with culture.
