Cultural Studies
A. Ghorbani; N. Ounagh; A. Salehi
Abstract
Youths are valuable assets of the society who would determine the future of that society. As a matter of fact, identifying different dimensions and factors affecting young people as well as finding solution to their problems are of great importance. The aim of this study, as the title indicates, is to ...
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Youths are valuable assets of the society who would determine the future of that society. As a matter of fact, identifying different dimensions and factors affecting young people as well as finding solution to their problems are of great importance. The aim of this study, as the title indicates, is to sociologically analyze the effect of socio-cultural factors affective on social isolation with a case study of the city of Bagh-e Bahadoran. The research is descriptive and survey-based; with the statistical population being youths aged 17-25 years from that city. The statistical population included 2000 people, 322 of them were selected by the proportional sampling method. The theoretic framework of this research was based on viewpoints of different thinkers such as Durkheim, Hari Alper, Merton, Simmel, Almond, Paul, Inglehart, Gwen, Giddens, and Marcuse. Findings show that there is a direct relationship between religiosity, social participation and social isolation but they are not meaningful and thus the hypothesis is rejected. With respect to socio-economic base and social isolation, there is an inverse and meaningful relationship. A direct and significant relationship is also shown between social media viewing and social isolation. Also, there is a significant relationship between socio-economic base and the ratio of social media viewing with social isolation. The regression analysis results show that two independent and dependent variables are attached to a good model and are able to explain social isolation. Similarly, they found to provide a suitable fit in the modeling of media structural equations and socio-economic base. As a result, socio-cultural factors explain social isolation.
Azar Gholizadeh; Narges Keshtiaray; Maryam Sohrabi Renani
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to study "The role of applying principals' cultural diversity management skills in Shahin Shahr high schools in promoting students' social participation (2009-2010)". The obtained results indicated that: There were meaningful differences among the means of students' social ...
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The purpose of this research was to study "The role of applying principals' cultural diversity management skills in Shahin Shahr high schools in promoting students' social participation (2009-2010)". The obtained results indicated that: There were meaningful differences among the means of students' social participation based on their Principals' Cultural Diversity Management Skills. And by promoting Principals' Cultural Diversity Management Skills, students' social participation promoted too. On the other hand, there were meaningful differences among the means of students' social participation based on their managers' Religious Diversity Management skills and Ethnic Diversity Management skills. So it can be said Applying Principals' Cultural Diversity Management Skills (Religious Diversity Management skills and Ethnic Diversity Management skills) have effective role in Students' Social Participation.
Intercultural Communications
M. Taghizadegan; M.R. Moridi; B. Moridi
Abstract
This study follows a social approach and pays attention to the social and cultural level of convergence in the daily life of the Shia and Sunni people. The cultural patterns of Shia-Sunni divide in Lārestan region (south Fars province) and Bastak (west Hormozgān province) are a good example of the ...
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This study follows a social approach and pays attention to the social and cultural level of convergence in the daily life of the Shia and Sunni people. The cultural patterns of Shia-Sunni divide in Lārestan region (south Fars province) and Bastak (west Hormozgān province) are a good example of the coexistence and sympathy between the two religious groups in Iran. The main question is: How the co-existence of Shia and Sunni people in this region can transform the ethnic and religious fanaticism into the ethnical and cultural relativism and ultimately lead to a cultural integration between Shias and Sunnis? Milton J. Bennett's Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity (DMIS) was adopted as the theoretical model for answering the question. The research includes a field study and a survey interview with 420 Shia and Sunni people in Larestan and Bastak. The results showed that Sunni people have a more ethnocentric view compared with Shia people, because the Sunni people are a minority group who pursue more conservative and cautious views to protect their societies. The Shia people have more ethno relativist views; Shia people have more cultural tolerance and are more inclined to accept and even integrate with Sunnis. It is based on this view that the coexistence, convergence and social integration of Shias and Sunnis have become possible.
Cyberspace and Metaverse Culture
B. Ahmadvand; A. Jahanshahi
Abstract
Decentraland is a user-owned digital realm built on the Ethereum block chain that allows the global community to engage in, connect, and enjoy its immersive experience. As a decentralized virtual world, this platform gives users an opportunity to purchase and trade virtual real estate through in-app ...
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Decentraland is a user-owned digital realm built on the Ethereum block chain that allows the global community to engage in, connect, and enjoy its immersive experience. As a decentralized virtual world, this platform gives users an opportunity to purchase and trade virtual real estate through in-app portals and peer-to-peer networks. Virtual properties can be owned by those who acquire land tokens. However, the ownership of these properties is subject to regulation based on terms of service agreed upon. This agreement serves as a contract between the platform owner and the user, outlining policies and standards that must be adhered to. Through the use of analytical methods and library resources, including decentraland contracts, this article explores the rights of virtual property owners in relation to platform owners. It is important to note that the terms of agreement of decentraland state that ownership of the code, on which, the platform is based and default game items are solely of the platform owners. However, property owners do have ownership rights concerning the respective titles and virtual land. As per the regulations set by the landowners, they hold the right to exercise their property rights and publish any permissible content. It should be noted that prohibited content is determined by the terms of service agreement which heavily favors the platform, granting them extensive authority to terminate or suspend the agreement without prior warning. It should also be noted that user ownership may become precarious if platform owners opt to dissolve the platform, considering the dependence on the ownership of the platform code and the collective valuation of digital assets.
Cultural Studies
A. Heydari; M. Mohajerani
Abstract
Understanding of urban life influenced by the conventional pathological logic has led to the perception of what is known as “Suburbanization” as something outside the city and as islands separate from the center. Kahrizak, as one of the suburban districts of Tehran, has strongly entangled ...
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Understanding of urban life influenced by the conventional pathological logic has led to the perception of what is known as “Suburbanization” as something outside the city and as islands separate from the center. Kahrizak, as one of the suburban districts of Tehran, has strongly entangled in such an understanding. Focusing on the problem of generating Kahrizak, this study strives to show how Kahrizak has been embodied in the confluence of forces. The present study's question is to engage in a field understanding of the forces that have provided the ground for Kahrizak to appear and emerge. Genealogy and methods of space production influence the present study in the context of social relations. The genealogical research aspect is based on its involvement in understanding the relations of forces, their becoming process, and the story of their confluence. The present study focuses on some key moments as starting points for the spatial formation of Kahrizak: moment 1) Sugar factory; moment 2) Land reform or the continuation of the fragmentation of Kahrizak space; moment 3) Creating the dock; & moment 4) Kahrizak construction in Oral history.
Intercultural Communications
M. Fouladiyan; N. Khavari Khorasani
Abstract
Most societies, today, are made up of people with diverse cultures, nationalities, and ethnicities. Today, migration and communication between nations is common occurrences and sometimes necessary; hence, the acceptance of different nationalities by each other and the lack of social distancing becomes ...
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Most societies, today, are made up of people with diverse cultures, nationalities, and ethnicities. Today, migration and communication between nations is common occurrences and sometimes necessary; hence, the acceptance of different nationalities by each other and the lack of social distancing becomes a necessity for pluralistic societies. For years, Iran has welcomed large numbers of Afghan immigrants as well as many Iraqi travelers. Considering the importance of the manner and quality of communication between different nationalities and the determining role of the attitude of the host society in this regard, this study is conducted to investigate the attitudes of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad students towards four nationalities: Iraqi, Afghan, American and Dutch. The research method is survey, with the sample size being 197 people who were randomly selected and filled in the Bogardes scale for the four nationalities. Statistical analysis of the data shows that Iranian students have had significant differences in their attitudes toward these four nationalities. According to the results of this study, the Netherlands, as the representative of Europeans, has the highest acceptance rate among Iranian students, followed by the United States and Afghanistan, respectively, and finally, Iraq has the lowest acceptance rate among Iranian students.
Saiedeh Ghasemi; Seyed Mahdi Sajadi; Mohsen Imani
Abstract
One of profound problems in human interactions is dogmatism. A dogmatist is so certain about his or her thoughts that assumes them perennial and indispensable, as a result would acquire an offensive morale and pertinacity against the others' attitudes and try to deny them. This kind of behavior leads ...
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One of profound problems in human interactions is dogmatism. A dogmatist is so certain about his or her thoughts that assumes them perennial and indispensable, as a result would acquire an offensive morale and pertinacity against the others' attitudes and try to deny them. This kind of behavior leads to a distortion in human interactions and to a conflict between individuls in different social levels, including family and various groups and fractions, and even between two societies. After describing dogmatism and aesthetics, this article analyzes the dogmatists ideas and then it discusses the rules and methods based on social education. After that aesthetic principles based on different scientists’ ideas and the social-educational rules, which can be underestood from these aesthetic principles, will be discussed. Ultimately some aesthetic –social principles, derived from aesthetic- social education will be presented. This essay also deals. with using the above-mentioned principles via educational system to reform the negative effects of dogmatic-social education.
Theory and Criticism
M. Mazhari; M. Armaghan; F. Alborzi
Abstract
Edward Said's analysis of "Orientalism" critically examines how the East is portrayed in Western art and how this portrayal reinforces the colonial mindset. It goes beyond just distorting the ideology to establish a new political order. Instead, it creates a separate reality of the Orient, distant from ...
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Edward Said's analysis of "Orientalism" critically examines how the East is portrayed in Western art and how this portrayal reinforces the colonial mindset. It goes beyond just distorting the ideology to establish a new political order. Instead, it creates a separate reality of the Orient, distant from the West and objectifies it as a source of Western knowledge. The world exhibition serves as an arena to showcase various Western and Eastern cultures. It juxtaposes logical and imaginary, chronological order, and mythical disorder. The exhibition has been used to shape transcultural and advance Orientalist discourse strategies and expectations of imperialism. The representation and construction of “self” and “others” found an ontological and epistemological relationship with Orientalist alienation. Also, due to the newly acquired strategic position during the first Pahlavi era and the ancient history of the country's science and art, Iran's presence there earned special position in the eyes of Orientalists and the Western knowledge domain. Therefore, it was necessary to depict it by classifying the structure of knowledge and related historiography. In fact, the concepts and political rules of the historical interpretation of Orientalism were derived from Iran's participation in international exhibitions. The goal was to identify a connection between Orientalist ideas and the pavilions' physical, content, and functional aspects. The study found that Iran's pavilions, in particular, reflected Orientalist expectations. They were designed like museums showcasing Iranian art and arranged exotically to appeal to Western audience.
Higher Education
Z. Maher
Abstract
Education field experts believe that effects and consequences of the Coronavirus pandemic on education in general and on higher education in particular are not only less than the other social institutions, but are much more comprehensive. In this study, an attempt is being made to represent lived experiences ...
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Education field experts believe that effects and consequences of the Coronavirus pandemic on education in general and on higher education in particular are not only less than the other social institutions, but are much more comprehensive. In this study, an attempt is being made to represent lived experiences and perceptions of students and teachers in the virtual education system. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to assess the same among professors and students of the University of Isfahan during the Covid-19 pandemic in order to identify the most important challenges of this type of education in universities and by relying on the findings of the study, effective solutions and approaches are presented for improving virtual education in universities. In the course of study, “phenomenology” has been used as a qualitative method whereas the research population includes all students and professors in the University of Isfahan in the academic year of 2020-2021. Total participants in the qualitative part of research were 32 people consisting of 14 professors and 18 students. Based on the purposive sampling, a mixture was selected and interviewed. The data was evaluated using Colaizzi’s seven step method (1978). Findings showed that the damages incurred by virtual education damage are: “educational damage”, “damages related to university culture”, damages related to social-economic infrastructures” and “damage from reduced sense of presence”.
Mohammad Baqer Alizadeh Aghdam; Mohammad Shiri; Sajjad Ojaghloo
Abstract
This article reviews social identity among students of secondary school with emphasis on national identity. This paper is to answer how we can increase students` belonging to national identity. Two high school students in two areas of Zanjan city with 700 people are the sample of this study which 30 ...
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This article reviews social identity among students of secondary school with emphasis on national identity. This paper is to answer how we can increase students` belonging to national identity. Two high school students in two areas of Zanjan city with 700 people are the sample of this study which 30 persons were selected to attend the workshop. This research, based on objective, is practical and problem solving and based on time is longitudinal and panel study. The Research method is qualitative and the technique is based on PCM (Project Cycle Management). Theoretically, Tajfle, Giddens, Jenkins and Pyter Burk`s approaches are used in addition to micro, macro and combinational perspectives. Data collection in this study is through workshop and questionnaire. Research findings showed that students` belonging to national Identity have 10 percent increases since the workshop performance. Belonging to the national identity in male students has increased to 15 percent and in female students 5 percent after the workshop. Both female and male students` belongings to national identity have doubled after the workshop. Moreover, students’ familiarity with Iranian national figures, elements of national culture, the historical and national monuments and some national myths, which are all elements of national identity, have doubled after the workshop.
Social Sciences and Communications
S.R. Ameli; S.F. Siasirad
Abstract
The use of virtual networks, the globalization of mediated cultures, and the emergence of the cultural public sphere all have led to attention being focused on cultural citizenship theories in describing citizenship participation of cyberspace users. In this paper, using the method of ethnographic ...
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The use of virtual networks, the globalization of mediated cultures, and the emergence of the cultural public sphere all have led to attention being focused on cultural citizenship theories in describing citizenship participation of cyberspace users. In this paper, using the method of ethnographic content analysis, an attempt was made to evaluate the nature of citizenship practices of young Instagram users and the extent to which these engagement are consistent with their national citizenship. According to the findings, 69% of the content shared on the mainstream public pages, humor and entertainment pages encompassed "individualistic" themes, often in line with the users' individual interests and concerns and their tendency for happiness and fun. Moreover, these themes have complied with the cultures existing in the global public sphere rather than conforming to national citizenship. Yet, the more frequency of individualistic themes as compared to collectivist themes did not mean their complete disregard for national-scale actions, with 21% of the themes on these pages being formal and community-centered citizenship. Users have returned to their national-level belongings, responsibilities and issues through them. In the Concluding Section, the necessity of redefining the concept of citizenship based on the requirements of the cyberspace, the impossibility of adopting absolute positive or negative approaches to the consequences of virtual citizenship on national citizenship, the necessity of simultaneous attention to opportunities and threats this space poses, and the need to expand education pertinent to "cultural citizenship" were all emphasized.
Al-Farabi and Cultural Policy-Making
J. Shanazari
Abstract
Seeking happiness, fortune, and perfectionism are in the essence of human existence, and without a doubt, all humans are in search of success, salvation, and happiness throughout their lives. Therefore, the issue of happiness and good fortune has always been the concern of thinkers and sages throughout ...
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Seeking happiness, fortune, and perfectionism are in the essence of human existence, and without a doubt, all humans are in search of success, salvation, and happiness throughout their lives. Therefore, the issue of happiness and good fortune has always been the concern of thinkers and sages throughout the history in the field of psychology and anthropology. Al-Farabi, the second teacher, defined the happiness of man as "the good that requires pleasure, which is beyond him and the last thing that can be done by human beings" and Ibn Sina used "the best thing a living person has ever sought to achieve" and other similar expressions. Of course, other thinkers have also identified the happiness and good fortune of the human being, from a selected point of view. In this article, we first explain and analyze the views and rational and narrative approaches, then analyze Farabi's opinion on the issue of happiness and his inclination to other opinions, and finally we focus on the best speech in explaining human success and happiness.
Narges Tajik; Hatam Qaderi
Abstract
Impiety was one of the two charges against Socrates. As a civil religion (within which politics and religion are mutually intertwined) was the then-dominated religion in Athens, impiety was regarded as a civil laws violation. Thus, charge of impiety, as a political subversion, might lead Socrates to ...
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Impiety was one of the two charges against Socrates. As a civil religion (within which politics and religion are mutually intertwined) was the then-dominated religion in Athens, impiety was regarded as a civil laws violation. Thus, charge of impiety, as a political subversion, might lead Socrates to death. However, in Apology there are some signs of Socrates’ religiousness as swearing and the claim to be at service of the Polis’ formal gods and goddess which lead to the question whether Socrates were an impious person, in addition to the question concerning the reasons why Socrates was sentenced to death, while he has showed his religiousness. In this study, we argued the nature of Socrates’ religiousness and offered an interpretation of Socrates’ silent confrontation with Athenians as is described in the court and his advocacy there. Therefore, introducing the state of religion in Athens, it would be shown that Socrates goes not deep in the inspirations, but intervening personal negative accounts, argues for a private religious experience, while does not offers any substitution for the formal religion.
Reza Samim
Abstract
Although lifestyle is not a merely sociological term, it owes it conceptualization to a greater or lesser degree to the sociological studies conducted on this concept since the emergence of this discipline. The conceptualization of lifestyle as a research topic can be traced back to the classical period ...
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Although lifestyle is not a merely sociological term, it owes it conceptualization to a greater or lesser degree to the sociological studies conducted on this concept since the emergence of this discipline. The conceptualization of lifestyle as a research topic can be traced back to the classical period of this field in the 19th century. At that time, pioneers in the field of sociology, while explaining the difference between society and community, focused on the forms and models of human lifestyle in the new society. This term has recently attracted a lot of attention in different researches and studies in the academic sphere in Iran. Two questions are of importance here: can lifestyle be formulated in the Iranian society as a sociological issue, in the same sense as it was formulated in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in Europe? Have the sociological researches conducted so far been able to deal with their own formulation, according to the frameworks of the problematic quality of lifestyle in the Iranian society in all aspects of a research, such as problem statement, concepts, theories, methods and findings? To answer this question, eleven scientific research articles, written in Iran with sociological approaches to lifestyle, have been examined using textual analysis method. The present article aims to study the approaches of the sample articles from different aspects of research, in the light of a sociological attitude toward the concept of lifestyle.
Madi Loghmannia; Ahmad Khamesan
Abstract
Identity is one the most significant discussions in contemporary world. In every society, a need, sense of dependency and tendency to national identity is inevitable. As educational system in all countries has the biggest power and humanistic capital, it is one the best tools for reinforcement and consistency ...
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Identity is one the most significant discussions in contemporary world. In every society, a need, sense of dependency and tendency to national identity is inevitable. As educational system in all countries has the biggest power and humanistic capital, it is one the best tools for reinforcement and consistency of national identity and the curriculums have crucial role in national identity formation. As mentioned, the main aim of this article is to study the role of national identity in the educational system. To do so, first national identity will be discussed comparatively in Iran and other countries and later the reasons of its weakness in the educational system will be elaborated. The general goals of three educational stages (elementary, secondary and high School) and the amount of attention to national identity will be subtlety discussed. The results show that national identity in Iranian educational system has no desirable situation and as this factor has effective role, it needs to take into more considerations for developmental issues.
Gharib Fazelnia; Morteza Tavakoli; Kazem Tajbakhsh
Abstract
Culture is the most important issue affecting the development of human societies. The term of cultural development is common in recent years and can give an end to the conflict between tradition and modernity, between places and habitat. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the development ...
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Culture is the most important issue affecting the development of human societies. The term of cultural development is common in recent years and can give an end to the conflict between tradition and modernity, between places and habitat. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the development process in rural areas after culture. Central County of Rostam Township can be remarkable in terms of great capabilities, especially in agriculture and patient talent strategic location and it’s potential. Population statistics in this study included 53 villages of central county of Rostam township. Method used in this study, is descriptive method – analysis. Method of data collection is library – documents and field studies too and for data analysis software SPSS and Arc GIS and in analysis and assumptions to achieve the result of “Morris inharmonious index”. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the level of villages having a population conditions and cultural facilities. Between planning and social conditions of cultural geography found no significant relationship. Also, there was no significant relationship between social and geographical factors and cultural planning.
Firoozeh Asghari
Abstract
There is no question nowadays as to the international and powerful status of English at a global scale and, consequently, as to its presence in non-English speaking countries at different levels. It is the languages which have mostly influenced French after the Two World War. So that now Anglicism ...
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There is no question nowadays as to the international and powerful status of English at a global scale and, consequently, as to its presence in non-English speaking countries at different levels. It is the languages which have mostly influenced French after the Two World War. So that now Anglicism exists in all levels of French. In this paper, besides the phenomenon of Anglicism, we will mainly focus on the reasons of increasing French interest in using of this phenomenon and also on the reactions taken against it in France. The method used in this research is descriptive – analytical. The Result of this study shows that there is no purely linguistic reason for “Anglicism” in a country like France. In fact this paper remarks that the strong impact of English on French rather than being influenced by linguistic reasons is influenced by the cultural & social reasons. Additionally, the finding shows that the French especially the youth like using English for several reasons which include “prestige”, “snobbery” and “superiority”. Amongst the mentioned reasons in this paper, what caused the French to worry about the spread of Anglicism is due to fear of the American cultural influence, what is changing in the American cultural hegemony.
Mahnaz Farahmand; Yasin KhorramPoor; Zohre Parsaeeian; Farzane Mandegari
Abstract
During the last decades, the institution of family and kinship system effecting from entry modernization process, has experienced so many change and evolutions. so transition of our society from traditional to modernity has been caused to family institution and its functions are severely changed, for ...
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During the last decades, the institution of family and kinship system effecting from entry modernization process, has experienced so many change and evolutions. so transition of our society from traditional to modernity has been caused to family institution and its functions are severely changed, for this respect, the article attempts for explores this issue whether components of modernization have had role in the kinship support of Yazd families or not? Finding of the article which have collected of survey method, questionnaire tool and sampling of multiple cluster among 384 Yazd families, show that response to this question is positive. In this manner, between background variables (means income, age and sex) and kinship support was a significant. Relationship certainly it must states that age variable communicates a significant and inverted relationship with kinship support, and education with kinship support didn’t show relationship. Among components of modernization, there wasan inverted and significant relationship between vertical individualism, mercantilism, collectivism with kinship support. Likewise, between pluralism and kinship support was a positive and significantrelationship. Among modernization components, the rationality variable and horizontal individualism didn’t have relationship with kinship support. As well as, results of regression showed that the study explains variance of kinship support more than 17% among Yazd families.
Maryam Rafatjah
Abstract
Leisure is one of the most important fields in the socio cultural studies which represent the cultural changes and new life styles. Since people in their leisure times have more freedom and less obligations so that most of them choose and do activities which are based on their values and interests and ...
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Leisure is one of the most important fields in the socio cultural studies which represent the cultural changes and new life styles. Since people in their leisure times have more freedom and less obligations so that most of them choose and do activities which are based on their values and interests and cultural tastes. Hence, the study of leisure among the youth which are a leading generation and represent the cultural changes of society sounds to be beneficial for recognizing the cultural trends and planning and policy making as well. So the main object of this research is to study the leisure patterns of non Tehranian students and recognizing their leisure problems. The study of leisure activities of students and the factors influencing it could help to know about their leisure needs and interests and examine their leisure problems more exactly. This research conducted on a probabilistic sample of dormitory students of the University of Tehran. The research findings show that in the spending of leisure times girls tend to the active ways and boys tend to amusing ways of spending leisure. On the whole boys use the leisure facilities of dormitory much more than girls. In addition, more than half of the students are not satisfied with the way they spend their leisure and the most important reason of their unsatisfying is mentioned the limitation of recreational facilities and financial problems. However the girls have confronted with more deprivations in recreational facilities and boys have more financial limitations. Finally the way of spending leisure times is related to the students\' concept of leisure, attitudes and values, life style, amount of religious commitment and the previous planning for leisure.
Shahla Kazemipour Sabet; Hossein Rezaii; Hadiseh Ramezanifar
Volume 8, Issue 1 , May 2015, , Pages 151-184
Abstract
The subject of the present article is to evaluate the host community attitudes about expanding social pathologies caused by the development of tourism in the city of Hamedan. The survey method (descriptive–analytical) was used in this study and researcher made questionnaire in the form of Likert ...
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The subject of the present article is to evaluate the host community attitudes about expanding social pathologies caused by the development of tourism in the city of Hamedan. The survey method (descriptive–analytical) was used in this study and researcher made questionnaire in the form of Likert was used. For this purpose, the entire population was divided into two different groups, including local residents, and shopkeepers who depend on tourism activities. The theoretical framework used in this paper is the Travis Hirschi's social control theory. Also, in this study, stratified random sampling method was used with a combination of male and female, between the ages of 18 and higher, and accordingly, the statistical sample selected on the basis of the Cochran formula is estimated 400 persons. To assess the reliability of research tools, as well as Cronbach's alpha is used, which its coefficient is 0.83. Information collected through questionnaires, after encoding, using the statistical software SPSS, have been analyzed. The results of this study show that tourism in the city of Hamedan partly is developed. The results indicate that, there is a significant relationship between tourism development and the attitudes of respondents to increase social pathologies. With regard to significant level achieved (Sig = 0.000), and with 95 confidence level, it can be said that this relationship is significant. The intensity of the relationship between the two variables is equal to 0.20. The results show that citizens in Hamedan about the negative impacts, and rating of developed social pathologies, have considered the distribution of Anti-cultural items with the average of 3.33 of 5 as a factor of social pathologies with the highest rank, and the spread of gambling with the average of 2.04 of 5 as a factor of social pathologies with the lowest rank.
Language and Literature
M. Hedayat Mofidi; A. Kamyabigol; A. Alizadeh
Abstract
Today, the mobile phone, with its wide range of features, is an inexpensive, easy to use, and most modern communication tool. One of the special applications of smart phones is providing spaces and facilities such as SMS services, virtual networks, and interactive groups that link people and groups from ...
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Today, the mobile phone, with its wide range of features, is an inexpensive, easy to use, and most modern communication tool. One of the special applications of smart phones is providing spaces and facilities such as SMS services, virtual networks, and interactive groups that link people and groups from different linguistic and cultural background. In this paper, we tried to study the messages of the Farsi-speaking users of the Telegram communication network from the linguistics perspective. In this regard, the linguistics and rhetorical correspondence of short messages in Persian language was studied by the content-analysis method. The statistical population consisted of 150 messages which contained 327 sentences. These messages were randomly selected from 5 different groups. Persian language used in cyberspace differs from standard Persian language. The first step in correcting communication language errors in cyberspace is to inform the users about the type of errors.
Azita Salajegheh; Nematollah Mosapour
Abstract
Hijab is one of the issue in social life which respected in all different communities since past. In this study a comparison was made among the students of State University, Payame Noor University and Islamic Azad University about the model of Hijab. The sample size was 180 students which 38. 9 % of ...
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Hijab is one of the issue in social life which respected in all different communities since past. In this study a comparison was made among the students of State University, Payame Noor University and Islamic Azad University about the model of Hijab. The sample size was 180 students which 38. 9 % of students in State University, 38.3 % in Payame Noor University and 22. 8 % in Islamic Azad University were studying. The data gathered by a questionnaire and the data analyzed through statistical test. The results of the study indicated that there was significant relationship among the universities in terms of the model of Hijab among the students in different "situations" and "environments". The results showed that the students of Islamic Azad University had more inappropriate Hijab than the students of Payame Noor and State University in market and parties. The result also showed that the students of Payame Noor University had more inappropriate Hijab than the students of State University in market and parties. But the result showed that no significant relationship among three universities about the model of Hijab when the students are studying in universities. In public environments (without control and be unfamiliar). There is more inappropriate Hijab but in Universities it is not in this way. Because there is a control system in the universities to monitor students in order to have appropriate Hijab. The other reason for having appropriate Hijab in State University is that the students are expecting to obtain job than other students who study in Payame Noor University and Islamic Azad University.
Morteza Bahrani
Abstract
To live in a non-excellent city, is a problematic situation for excellent men. But, which style of life would be the best style for excellent men who live in non-excellent cities? The Moslem Philosophers have different approaches to this question. Among them, al-Farabi, as the founder of Islamic philosophy, ...
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To live in a non-excellent city, is a problematic situation for excellent men. But, which style of life would be the best style for excellent men who live in non-excellent cities? The Moslem Philosophers have different approaches to this question. Among them, al-Farabi, as the founder of Islamic philosophy, advised three choices: going out of the non-excellent cities to an excellent city, living as a stranger in a non-excellent city, or, preferring death instead of life. Avicenna, recommends virtues men to build their cities in the periphery of the non-excellent city, far away from the center. Against him, Avempace's theory focuses on the idea that virtues men’s happiness should be realized in non-excellent cities. Ibn Tufayl (Abu Baser) in his tale, Hayy Ibn Yaqdhan (Alive, Son of Awake) man is a lost being that tries to find him“self” by a particular kind of knowledge which leads him to excellent situation in society. Comparing these theories reveals that relation between “individual” and “society” is problematic and complicated. In fact, compliance with conventions, rules, or laws of non-excellent cities is in the center of these theories.
Computer Games
S.M. Sharifi; J. Javaheri; M. Stiri
Abstract
This research is conducted aim to develop business strategies for video games in Iran. In this research, through analysis of this industry, appropriate business strategies are presented. To achieve this goal, after reviewing the literature on the field of strategy and strategic management, different ...
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This research is conducted aim to develop business strategies for video games in Iran. In this research, through analysis of this industry, appropriate business strategies are presented. To achieve this goal, after reviewing the literature on the field of strategy and strategic management, different aspects of the video game industry have been analyzed by looking at its situation in Iran and using qualitative methods such as interviewing experts and the Delphi technique. Based on this, information on the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats have been gathered in this field in Iran. After this stage, business strategies that are necessary to improve conditions of this industry in Iran, have been developed and formulated through SWOT analysis and using the multi-stage framework of the research. The results are also presented in the form of four strategies and seven bedder solutions.
Hasammoddin Ashna; Mohammad Reza Roohani
Abstract
Identity is one of the most complicated concepts in humanities and social sciences. It is a multi-aspected phenomenon which expresses different meanings from different viewpoints. Generally we can say that Identity is a result of dialect between conceptual system and socio-cultural structures. In this ...
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Identity is one of the most complicated concepts in humanities and social sciences. It is a multi-aspected phenomenon which expresses different meanings from different viewpoints. Generally we can say that Identity is a result of dialect between conceptual system and socio-cultural structures. In this approach, Identity is addressed in relation with ; and so, emphasis on “self” and “others” unit of analysis. But when we focus on “cultural identity”, the relationship between identity and complicated concepts, e.g. culture and nationality, will turn into a mess which then, identity concept can be interpreted by different theoretical approaches. This meaning specially is important in Iran, because Iranian, Islamic and western identity sources affected Iranian people identity in different ages and finally born into contemporary Iranian cultural identity. We can name two different identity approaches here: descriptive approach which describe now and then, and prescriptive or policy approach which regards identity policies. In prescriptive approach, identity elements are general and abstract concepts, because identity change is regarded as an incremental movement .in regard with this basis in identity policy, we can analyze main Iranian cultural identity elements in five domains: religion, language, cultural geography, history and cultural memory, and social system.
